Iron Plaque
Iron Plaque - Related Videos
08:45
Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
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Cited by 3 •
2022
This article demonstrates how to prepare and administer transferrin-bound nonradioactive isotopic iron for studies of iron transport in mouse pregnancy. The approach for quantifying isotopic iron in fetoplacental compartments is also described.
13:00
Plaque Assay: A Method to Determine Viral Titer as Plaque Forming Units (PFU)
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2023
Source: Tilde Andersson1, Rolf Lood1 1 Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Infection Medicine, Biomedical Center, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden Viruses that infect prokaryotic organisms, called bacteriophages or simply phages, were identified in the early 20th century by Twort (1) and d'Hérelle (2) independently. Phages have since been widely recognized for their therapeutic value (3) and their influence on human (4), as well as global, ecosystems (5). Current concerns have...
10:53
Plaque Assay for Murine Norovirus
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Cited by 99 •
2012
Here we describe a method to quantify infectious particles of murine norovirus (MNV), which is the only norovirus that efficiently replicates in cell culture. The plaque assay takes advantage of MNV’s tropism for murine macrophages and can be adapted for use with biological or environmental samples containing MNV.
03:25
Quantification of Pseudovirus Particles by Plaque Assay
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2026
Source: Jamieson, T. R., et al., Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection. J. Vis. Exp. (2021)This video describes the virus plaque assay using coronavirus pseudovirus particles. The diluted pseudovirus is added to a monolayer of mammalian cells, followed by incubation with a methylcellulose overlay. Plaques formed by infected cells are counted visually to determine the infectious virus titer.
03:30
Assessing Rotavirus Growth Curve by Plaque Assay
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2026
Source: Kadoya, S., Sano, D. Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus. J. Vis. Exp. (2019).This video demonstrates the use of a plaque assay to assess the rotavirus growth curve. The method involves infecting host cells with diluted virus, overlaying with agarose to restrict spread, and staining to visualize plaques formed by viral replication. By counting plaque-forming units at defined time points, the resulting growth curve reveals the lag, exponential, and...
FAQs
Root-derived oxygen creates a localized chemical gradient around roots. In oxygen-poor or flooded soils, roots release oxygen into the rhizosphere, where it converts dissolved ferrous iron into ferric iron oxyhydroxides. These compounds precipitate at the root surface, concentrating iron at the interface between plant tissue and soil and creating a chemically active zone for interactions with nutrients, trace metals, contaminants, and microbes.
Ferric iron oxyhydroxides form a reactive coating rather than an inert mineral layer. Their presence can bind or transform substances encountered near the root, including nutrients, trace metals, and contaminants. This changes the chemical conditions at the root–soil interface and can influence whether those substances remain available for plant uptake or participate in nearby microbial processes.
By binding or transforming substances at the root surface, iron plaque can alter their availability before they enter plant tissues. The resulting effect depends on the substance involved and its interaction with the coating, but the process may influence root uptake, metal immobilization, and microbial activity. Consequently, plaque is important when evaluating plant exposure and soil chemical behavior.
Waterlogged and flooded soils favor plaque formation because they create oxygen-poor conditions in the surrounding soil while roots can still release oxygen into the rhizosphere. This contrast supports oxidation of dissolved ferrous iron near the root surface and precipitation of ferric iron oxyhydroxides. The process therefore reflects both soil oxygen conditions and the plant’s root-mediated oxygen release.
Researchers study iron plaque to assess how plants influence metal behavior and surrounding soil chemistry. The coating provides information about metal immobilization, plant tolerance, and wetland biogeochemistry. It is also relevant to evaluating whether wetland vegetation could help manage contaminated soils or water by modifying the availability and movement of contaminants near roots.
Studies can show whether wetland plants contribute to contaminant retention or alteration at the root–soil interface. They also help connect plant tolerance with local chemical processes and microbial interactions. This information supports assessment of wetland vegetation as a potential tool for managing contaminated soils and water, while clarifying how root activity affects environmental metal behavior.