Radioactivity Leakage Test

A radioactivity leakage test is a quality-control procedure used to determine whether a sealed radioactive source is releasing removable radioactive material into its surroundings. The test typically involves wiping accessible surfaces of the source or its container, measuring the wipe sample with a radiation detector, and comparing the result with established safety limits. In medicine, this method supports the safe use of sealed sources in brachytherapy, calibration equipment, and other nuclear medicine applications. Regular testing can identify damaged encapsulation early, reduce contamination risks, protect staff and patients, and document compliance with radiation-safety requirements.

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Education

JoVE Core - Chemistry

Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations

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2020

Nuclear chemistry is the study of reactions that involve changes in nuclear structure. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and, except for hydrogen, neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number (Z) of the element, and the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons is the mass number (A). Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are isotopes of the same element. A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...

Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating

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2020

Radioactivity is a spontaneous disintegration of an unstable nuclide and is a random process, as all the nuclei in the sample do not decay simultaneously. The number of disintegrations per unit time is called the activity (A), which is directly proportional to the number of nuclei in the sample. The decay constant (λ) is an average probability of decay per nucleus in unit time. The SI unit for activity is the becquerel, which is one disintegration per second. Another unit of activity is the...

Types of Radioactivity

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2020

The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture. Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay: Alpha decay occurs primarily in heavy nuclei (A > 200, Z > 83). Loss of an α particle gives a daughter nuclide with a mass number four units smaller and an atomic number two units smaller than those of the parent nuclide. Beta (β) decay is the emission of an electron or...

Research

JoVE EoE - Assay Techniques

Fluorescence Leakage Assay to Study Cell-Penetrating Peptide Interaction with Membrane

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2025

This video discusses the fluorescence leakage assay to study the interactions of cell-penetrating peptides with cell membranes using cell membrane mimics — large unilamellar vesicles, or LUVs, encapsulated with a fluorescent dye and a quencher.

Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy for the Treatment of Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy with Esophagojejunostomy

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2025

Here, we present a protocol for endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) in the management of anastomotic leaks following total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy.

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