Choline Acsf
Choline Acsf - Related Videos
07:27
The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented (CDE) Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury
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Cited by 14 •
2017
Here we describe a common method to induce chronic liver injury in mice by feeding of a choline-deficient and ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet. We demonstrate health monitoring, liver perfusion, isolation, and preservation. A time course of six weeks can inform about liver injury, pathohistology, fibrosis, inflammatory, and liver progenitor cell responses.
03:19
Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes
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2024
This protocol describes the method for reducing dietary intake of folic acid or choline in female mice prior to pregnancy with the objective of investigating the impact of maternal diet on offspring health outcomes.
03:04
Immunostaining of Neurons in Mouse Brain Slices Following Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
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2025
Source: Baleriola, J., et. al., Detection of Axonally Localized mRNAs in Brain Sections Using High-Resolution In Situ Hybridization. J. Vis. Exp. (2015)This video demonstrates the detection of mRNA within cholinergic axons in fixed mouse hippocampal slices using fluorescent in situ hybridization and antibody staining. Fluorescence microscopy reveals the spatial localization of probe-tagged mRNAs and choline acetyltransferase in cholinergic neurons.
02:58
Immunohistochemical Staining of Nerve Fibers in the Nucleus Basalis of Meyner of the Mouse Brain
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2025
This video demonstrates the immunohistochemical staining of cholinergic fibers in the nucleus basalis of the Meynert region of mouse brain sections. Sections are blocked and treated with primary against choline acetyltransferase, followed by biotinylated secondary antibodies. Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complexes are added, which bind to secondary antibodies, followed by the chromogenic substrate. Sections are then dehydrated and mounted before visualizing under the microscope.
06:02
Microiontophoresis and Micromanipulation for Intravital Fluorescence Imaging of the Microcirculation
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Cited by 3 •
2011
Microiontophoresis entails movement of ions from a micropipette in response to a difference in electrical potential between the inside and outside of the micropipette. Biologically active molecules are thereby delivered in proportion to electrical current. We illustrate acetylcholine microiontophoresis in conjunction with micromanipulation to study endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the microcirculation.
FAQs
During slicing, sodium-dependent excitability can promote unwanted neural activity, while glutamate-related stress can damage cells. Choline commonly replaces sodium as the principal extracellular cation in this formulation, reducing sodium-dependent excitability and limiting glutamate-driven excitotoxic damage. This protective chemical environment helps preserve cellular integrity so more viable neural tissue remains available for later experiments.
These conditions help maintain the physiological stability of the slice environment. Controlled oxygenation supports tissue integrity, while appropriate pH, osmolarity, and temperature reduce additional stress during preparation and recording. Because the formulation is intended to preserve acute tissue, careful control of these variables contributes to healthier slices and more consistent electrophysiological measurements.
Lowering sodium-dependent excitability during preparation can reduce activity-related stress before researchers begin recording. This matters because damaged or poorly preserved tissue may provide less reliable access to neural circuits. By limiting excessive excitation and glutamate-driven injury during cutting, the solution supports subsequent measurements of cellular responses and synaptic function in acute slices.
Healthier slices provide a stronger experimental starting point for electrophysiology. Preserving cellular integrity and neural circuitry can improve recording quality and make results more reproducible across preparations. This benefit is relevant when researchers examine brain function at cellular or network levels, because the observed responses are more likely to reflect intact circuit properties rather than preparation-related damage.
Researchers use the formulation during acute brain-slice preparation and electrophysiological experiments. The workflow requires maintaining the solution under controlled oxygenation, pH, osmolarity, and temperature conditions so the tissue remains viable. After preparation, the preserved slices can support recordings and physiological analyses that depend on functional neurons and retained neural connections.
The preserved tissue can support patch-clamp recording, synaptic physiology, and investigations of neuronal connectivity. Patch-clamp experiments examine neuronal electrical behavior, while synaptic studies focus on communication between cells. Retaining healthier circuits also supports connectivity research, allowing investigators to study relationships among neurons at cellular and network levels within an acute slice preparation.
These preparations support studies of brain function that require viable neural tissue and functional circuitry. Researchers can investigate neuronal properties, synaptic communication, and patterns of connectivity using electrophysiological approaches. The formulation is therefore useful when experiments depend on measuring cellular or network responses after tissue has been removed from the brain and maintained as an acute slice.
Useful outcomes include healthier acute slices, improved recording quality, and greater reproducibility across experiments. These outcomes reflect successful preservation of cellular integrity and neural circuits during preparation. Researchers can then obtain more dependable measurements in patch-clamp and synaptic physiology studies, strengthening analyses of neuronal connectivity and brain function at both cellular and network scales.