Navigated Tms
Navigated Tms - Related Videos
14:35
Using TMS to Measure Motor Excitability During Action Observation
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2023
Source: Laboratories of Jonas T. Kaplan and Sarah I. Gimbel—University of Southern California Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that involves passing current through an insulated coil placed against the scalp. A brief magnetic field is created by current in the coil, and because of the physical process of induction, this leads to a current in the nearby neural tissue. Depending on the duration, frequency, and magnitude of these magnetic...
12:38
State-Dependency Effects on TMS: A Look at Motive Phosphene Behavior
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Cited by 4 •
2010
In this article, we examine the effects of visually relevant state dependency on TMS induced motive phosphenic presentations.
10:29
The NeuroStar TMS Device: Conducting the FDA Approved Protocol for Treatment of Depression
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Cited by 83 •
2010
In this article, we examine the methodology and considerations relevant to the FDA approved depression treatment protocol using the Neuronetics NeuroStar TMS device.
10:27
A Standardized Protocol for Functional Motor Mapping Using Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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2026
Here, we describe a standardized protocol for motor mapping using nTMS combined with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based reconstruction of the corticospinal tract (CST). The protocol is reproducible, clinically feasible, and readily integrable into routine clinical workflows, providing a robust and valuable framework for motor pathway assessment, neuroplasticity research, and rehabilitation planning.
10:58
TMS: Using the Theta-Burst Protocol to Explore Mechanism of Plasticity in Individuals with Fragile X Syndrome and Autism
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Cited by 7 •
2010
In this article, we examine the effects of Theta-Burst TMS stimulation on cortical plasticity in individuals suffering from Fragile X syndrome and individuals on the autistic spectrum.
FAQs
Structural MRI or other three-dimensional imaging provides an anatomical reference for aligning stimulation with a person’s cortical targets. The navigation system then relates coil position to that reference during stimulation, allowing researchers to position pulses with greater anatomical precision. This individualized alignment supports anatomically precise and reproducible targeting during mapping sessions.
Mapping depends on linking stimulation to a measurable change. For motor functions, investigators can examine task performance or evoked responses after targeted pulses; language mapping similarly uses changes in task performance. Comparing responses across cortical targets helps characterize functional organization while preserving an individual’s anatomical reference, making the resulting map specific to that person.
Tracking coil position helps relate each stimulation site to the intended anatomical target. That relationship matters because conclusions about cortical organization and connectivity depend on knowing where stimulation was delivered. Anatomically precise, reproducible positioning also makes responses easier to interpret across targets and supports individualized mapping rather than treating cortical anatomy as identical between people.
An nTMS workflow begins with structural MRI or another three-dimensional image that establishes the person’s anatomy. Researchers identify cortical regions of interest, align the stimulation system with that anatomy, and track coil position as pulses are delivered. They then evaluate task-performance changes or evoked responses to determine how targeted regions contribute to motor or language function.
nTMS can provide individualized motor or language maps that contribute to neurosurgical planning. Its value is greatest when the location of functional cortical regions needs to be considered alongside a person’s anatomy. By linking stimulation sites with task-performance changes or evoked responses, the technique supplies functional information that complements structural imaging during preparation for surgery.
Beyond surgical planning, the technique supports investigations of cortical organization and connectivity, because targeted stimulation can be paired with observed task changes or evoked responses. It also contributes to research on brain disorders and therapeutic neuromodulation. These uses extend nTMS from describing where functions are represented to examining how stimulation and functional responses can inform neuroscience studies.