Name: atp breakdown and energy release
Uploaded: 2019-03-11T09:21:09.000Z
Duration: 1 min 8 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Virginia  Standards of Learning

HIgh School

Life Science

LS.4

LS.4.b

Hydrolysis of ATP

Das Molekül Adenosintriphosphat, ATP, speichert Energie zur Verwendung in Zellen.
 Es besteht aus einer Adeninbase, einem Ribosezucker und drei Phosphatgruppen, die durch energiereiche Phosphoanhydridbindungen aneinander gebunden sind.
 Diese Bindungen können durch Zugabe von Wasser, das eine oder zwei Phosphatgruppen freisetzt, in einem als Hydrolyse bezeichneten exergonischen Prozess aufgebrochen werden.
 Diese Aktion setzt die Energie in den Bindungen frei, damit diese in der Zelle verwendet werden kann, zum Beispiel um Proteine aus Aminosäuren zu synthetisieren.
 Wenn eine Phosphatgruppe entfernt wird, verbleibt ein Molekül eines ADP, Adenosindiphosphat, zusammen mit einem anorganischen Phosphat.
 ADP kann durch Entfernen einer zweiten Phosphatgruppe weiter zu AMP, Adenosinmonophosphat, hydrolysiert werden.

Takeda, Taka-aki, Shiho Miyazaki, Miki Kobayashi, Katsutoshi Nishino, Tomoko Goto, Mayu Matsunaga, Minami Ooi et al. "Zinkmangel verursacht eine verzögerte ATP-Clearance und Adenosinbildung bei Ratten und Zellkulturmodellen." Communications Biology 1, Nr. 1 (22. August 2018): 113. [<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019032635/https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-018-0118-3" target="__blank">Quelltext</a>]

hydrolyse von atp

Die Bindungen von Adenosintriphosphat (ATP) können durch die Zugabe von Wasser aufgebrochen werden. Dabei werden eine oder zwei Phosphatgruppen in einem exergonen Prozess, der Hydrolyse, freigesetzt. Diese Reaktion setzt die Energie in den Bindungen frei, um sie für die Zelle nutzbar zu machen. Mit Hilfe des ATP können beispielsweise Proteine aus Aminosäuren synthetisiert werden.
 
 Wenn eine Phosphatgruppe entfernt wird, bleibt ein ADP Molekül (Adenosindiphosphat) und ein anorganischer Phosphatrest übrig. ADP kann weiter zu AMP (Adenosinmonophosphat) hydrolysiert werden, indem eine zweite Phosphatgruppe entfernt wird.
 
 <h4>Aufbau von ATP</h4>
 
 ATP besteht aus einer Adeninbase, einem Ribosezucker und drei Phosphatgruppen, wobei letztere durch energiereiche Phosphoranhydridbindungen verbunden sind.

Hydrolyse von ATP

Die Bindungen von Adenosintriphosphat (ATP) können durch Zugabe von Wasser aufgebrochen werden, wobei in einem exergonischen Prozess eine oder zwei Phosphatgruppen freigesetzt werden ...

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KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

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atp breakdown and energy release

ATP breakdown releases energy for cell work. Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, can lose one or two phosphate groups when water is added. This hydrolysis reaction is exergonic, which means it releases energy that the cell can use.

When one phosphate group is removed, ATP becomes ADP, or adenosine diphosphate. Inorganic phosphate is also released. ADP can then be hydrolyzed again to form AMP, or adenosine monophosphate, after a second phosphate group is removed.

ATP has a clear structure. It is made of an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. The phosphate groups are linked to each other by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds. Cells use the energy from these bonds for tasks such as building proteins from amino acids.

ATP Breakdown and Energy Release

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key terms and concepts

Learn how ATP hydrolysis releases energy, forms ADP and AMP, and supports cell work. See ATP structure and the role of phosphate bonds.

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ATP Breakdown and Energy Release

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