Name: fundamental quantities in engineering mechanics
Uploaded: 2023-09-22T11:49:18.000Z
Duration: 1 min 28 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Physics

PHYS.1

IPC.1.G

Basic Concept

Die Grundbegriffe der Technischen Mechanik sind Länge, Zeit, Masse und Kraft.
Stellen Sie sich ein Objekt vor, das sich von Punkt A nach B bewegt. Die zurückgelegte Strecke wird durch die Länge anhand von Koordinaten relativ zu einem Referenzpunkt beschrieben.
Die Länge beschreibt auch geometrische Eigenschaften physikalischer Systeme, während die Zeit die Abfolge eines Ereignisses wie die Reisezeit zwischen den Punkten A und B misst.
Die Masse ist ein Maß für die Menge an Materie in einem Objekt, die sich nicht mit dem Standort ändert, während die Kraft als die Wirkung eines Körpers auf einen anderen angesehen wird, wie z. B. Druck oder Zug oder Gravitationsanziehung.
Für die theoretische Analyse verwendet die Technische Mechanik einige Annahmen. Zunächst wird ein Objekt als ein Teilchen mit Masse betrachtet, dessen Größe vernachlässigt werden kann.
Zweitens wird das Partikel unabhängig von seinem Material und seiner aufgebrachten Last als starrer Körper betrachtet, bei dem die Verformung vernachlässigt wird.
Schließlich wird die aufgebrachte Last als konzentrierte Kraft dargestellt, die auf einen Punkt auf ein Objekt wirkt.

<ol>
	<li>Hibbeler, R.C. (2016). Technische Mechanik \u2012 Statik und Dynamik. Hoboken, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. S. 4 \u2012 5.</li>
	<li>Bier, F.P.; Johnston, E.R.; Mazurek, D.F.; Cromwell, P.J. und Self, B.P. (2019). Vektormechanik für Ingenieure \u2012 Statik und Dynamik. New York: McGraw-Hill. Seite – 3.</li>
	<li>Meriam, J.L.; Kraige, LG und Bolton, J.N. (2020). Technische Mechanik \u2012 Statik. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley. Seite – 2.</li>
</ol>

grundkonzept

Ingenieurmechanik ist ein Zweig der Ingenieurwissenschaften, der Bewegung und die auf Objekte wirkenden Kräfte untersucht. Es ist ein grundlegendes Fach und bildet die Basis vieler anderer Ingenieurdisziplinen. Länge, Zeit, Masse und Kraft sind einige grundlegende Konzepte in der Ingenieurmechanik. Länge, die den von einem Objekt zurückgelegten Weg misst, ist ein grundlegendes Konzept in der Ingenieurmechanik. Wir verwenden Koordinaten in Bezug auf einen Referenzpunkt, um die Entfernung zu beschreiben. Länge hilft nicht nur dabei, die zurückgelegte Entfernung eines Objekts zu beschreiben, sondern wird auch verwendet, um die geometrischen Eigenschaften von physikalischen Systemen zu beschreiben. Beispielweise betrachte einen Bus, der von Stadt X nach Stadt Y fährt. Die Position des Busses zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt kann mit Hilfe eines Koordinatensystems nachverfolgt werden. In diesem Fall reicht die Länge nicht aus, um das Ereignis zu beschreiben, und als Ergebnis wird Zeit verwendet, um die Aufeinanderfolge eines Ereignisses zu messen, wie die Reisezeit zwischen Stadt X und Stadt Y. Zeit, die die Aufeinanderfolge eines Ereignisses misst, ist ein weiteres grundlegendes Konzept in der Ingenieurmechanik. Masse ist ein Maß für die Menge an Materie in einem Objekt und ändert sich nicht mit dem Ort. Die Masse kann gemessen werden, indem bestimmt wird, inwieweit ein Objekt einer Änderung seiner Richtung oder Geschwindigkeit widersteht, wenn eine Kraft angewendet wird. Kraft ist ein weiteres wichtiges Konzept in der Ingenieurmechanik, definiert als die Einwirkung eines Körpers auf einen anderen. Kräfte können ein Objekt entweder stoßen, ziehen, anziehen oder abstoßen. Die Schwerkraft ist ein klassisches Beispiel für eine Kraft, die Objekte zueinander anzieht. Das Stoßen eines Objekts ist ein Beispiel für die Verwendung von Kontaktkraft, während ein Eisenstück, das von einem Magneten angezogen wird, ein Beispiel für die Verwendung von Nicht-Kontaktkraft ist. Die Ingenieurmechanik stützt sich auf bestimmte Annahmen, um theoretische Analysen zu ermöglichen. Erstens wird ein Objekt oft als Teilchen mit Masse behandelt, dessen Größe vernachlässigt werden kann. Diese Vereinfachung erlaubt es uns, die Bewegung des Objekts mit einfacheren mathematischen Gleichungen zu beschreiben. Zweitens wird das Teilchen, unabhängig von seinem Material und der angewendeten Last, als starrer Körper betrachtet, und die Verformung wird vernachlässigt. Schließlich wird die angewendete Last als konzentrierte Kraft dargestellt, die an einem Punkt auf einem Objekt wirkt. Zum Beispiel wird es als Teilchen betrachtet, wenn die Tragfähigkeit eines Kranhakens analysiert wird, unabhängig von seiner Größe und Form. Der Haken ist ein nicht verformbarer Körper, und eine Kraft wirkt nur an einem bestimmten Punkt am Haken.

Grundkonzept

Die Technische Mechanik ist ein Teilgebiet des Ingenieurwesens, das sich mit der Bewegung und den auf Objekte wirkenden Kräften beschäftigt. Es ist ein grundlegendes Fach und bildet die Grundlage für ...

Education

Lehre

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

Maschinenbau

Unit 1

Einheit 1

An Introduction to Statics

Einführung in die Statik

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

KERNBEGRIFFE UND KONZEPTE

fundamental quantities in engineering mechanics

Engineering mechanics begins with four basic quantities: length, time, mass, and force. These ideas help describe how objects move and how they respond to loads. They also support many other engineering fields.

Length measures the distance traveled by an object. Engineers describe this distance with coordinates relative to a reference point. Length is also useful for showing the geometry of physical systems.

Time measures the succession of an event. A bus traveling from city X to city Y is a simple example. The bus location can be tracked with a coordinate system, but time is needed to measure the travel period.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object. It does not change with location. Mass can be related to how much an object resists a change in direction or speed when a force acts on it.

Force is the action of one body on another. It can push, pull, attract, or repel. Gravity is an example of an attractive force. Pushing a surface is a contact force, while an iron piece pulled by a magnet shows a non-contact force.

Engineering mechanics also uses simplifying assumptions to make analysis possible. An object may be treated as a particle with mass, so its size is ignored. It may also be treated as a rigid body, which means deformation is neglected. The load is then shown as a concentrated force acting at a single point, such as when studying the load-carrying capacity of a crane hook.

Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics

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an introduction to mechanics

Mechanics in Physics and Engineering

Mechanics is a key branch of physics that explains how objects stay at rest or move when forces act on them. It also has major uses in engineering and science. The topic helps students understand everyday motion, machine behavior, and the way many systems work. The recorded history of mechanics begins with Aristotle, who lived from 384 to 322 BC. He linked mechanics with physical theory and looked for a broad universal explanation. Later, Newton defined mechanics as the study of objects at...

basic concept

Engineering mechanics begins with four basic quantities: length, time, mass, and force. These ideas help describe how objects move and how they respond to loads. They also support many other engineering fields. Length measures the distance traveled by an object. Engineers describe this distance with coordinates relative to a reference point. Length is also useful for showing the geometry of physical systems. Time measures the succession of an event. A bus traveling from city X to city Y is a...

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Explore length, time, mass, and force in engineering mechanics, plus key simplifying assumptions like particles, rigid bodies, and concentrated loads.

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PHYS.1.H

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Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics

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