Using 23Na Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Sodium in Muscle Tissues

Abstract

Source:
Lale Ertuglu¹, Michael Pridmore², Rachelle Crescenzi^2,3, Annet Kirabo<sup>4

1</sup>Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
²Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
³Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University.
⁴Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.

This video demonstrates the quantification of sodium content in human tissues using sodium magnetic resonance imaging (²³Na-MRI). The patient's lower leg is placed within the radiofrequency (RF) coil of the machine, and a three-dimensional gradient-echo sequence is performed. Multinuclear MRI images are generated using hydrogen and sodium nuclei to quantify sodium levels in various tissues.

Protocol

All procedures involving human participants have been performed in compliance with the institutional, national, and international guidelines for human welfare and have been reviewed by the local institutional review board.

1. Preparation of the phantom holder

1. Four standard sodium solutions, including aqueous NaCl in the physiologic range of peripheral tissue sodium content 10-40 mmol/L, are embedded in a platform in the coil.

2. MRI examination

The quantification of Na⁺ content at the mid-calf area is measured using an MRI e....