Name: fundamental quantities in engineering mechanics
Uploaded: 2023-09-22T11:49:18.000Z
Duration: 1 min 28 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Physics

PHYS.1

IPC.1.G

Basic Concept

Los conceptos básicos de la ingeniería mecánica son longitud, tiempo, masa y fuerza.
Considere un objeto que se mueve del punto A al B. La distancia recorrida se describe mediante la longitud utilizando coordenadas relativas a un punto de referencia.
La longitud también describe las propiedades geométricas de los sistemas físicos, mientras que el tiempo mide la sucesión de un evento como el tiempo de viaje entre los puntos A y B.
La masa es una medida de la cantidad de materia en un objeto que no cambia con la ubicación, mientras que la fuerza se considera como la acción de un cuerpo sobre otro, como el empuje o la tracción, o la atracción gravitatoria.
Para el análisis teórico, la ingeniería mecánica utiliza algunos supuestos. En primer lugar, un objeto se considera como una partícula con masa, cuyo tamaño puede despreciarse.
En segundo lugar, independientemente de su material y carga aplicada, la partícula se considera como un cuerpo rígido donde se desprecia la deformación.
Por último, la carga aplicada se representa como una fuerza concentrada que actúa en un punto de un objeto.

<ol>
	<li>Hibbeler, R.C. (2016). Ingeniería Mecánica \u2012 Estática y Dinámica. Hoboken, Nueva Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. Págs. 4 \u2012 5.</li>
	<li>Cerveza, F.P.; Johnston, E.R.; Mazurek, D.F.; Cromwell, P.J. y Self, B.P. (2019). Mecánica vectorial para ingenieros: estática y dinámica. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill. Págs. – 3.</li>
	<li>Meriam, J.L.; Kraige, L.G., y Bolton, J.N. (2020). Ingeniería Mecánica \u2012 Estática. Hoboken, Nueva Jersey: John Wiley. págs. – 2.</li>
</ol>

concepto básico

La mecánica de ingeniería es una rama de la ingeniería que estudia el movimiento y las fuerzas que actúan sobre los objetos. Es una materia fundamental y forma la base de muchas otras disciplinas de ingeniería. Longitud, tiempo, masa y fuerza son algunos conceptos básicos en la mecánica de ingeniería. La longitud, que mide la distancia recorrida por un objeto, es un concepto fundamental en la mecánica de ingeniería. Utilizamos coordenadas relativas a un punto de referencia para describir la distancia. La longitud no solo ayuda a describir la distancia recorrida por un objeto, sino que también se utiliza para describir las propiedades geométricas de los sistemas físicos. Por ejemplo, consideremos un autobús viajando desde la ciudad X a la ciudad Y. La ubicación del autobús en cualquier momento dado se puede rastrear con la ayuda de un sistema de coordenadas. En este caso, la longitud es insuficiente para describir el evento y, como resultado, el tiempo se utiliza para medir la sucesión de un evento, como el tiempo de viaje entre la ciudad X y la ciudad Y. El tiempo, que mide la sucesión de un evento, es otro concepto fundamental en la mecánica de ingeniería. La masa es una medida de la cantidad de materia de un objeto y no cambia de ubicación. La masa se puede medir determinando hasta qué punto un objeto se opone a un cambio en su dirección o velocidad cuando se aplica una fuerza. La fuerza es otro concepto importante en la mecánica de ingeniería, definida como la acción de un cuerpo sobre otro. Las fuerzas pueden empujar, tirar, atraer o repeler un objeto hacia otro. La gravedad es un ejemplo clásico de una fuerza que atrae objetos entre sí. Empujar un objeto es un ejemplo de uso de una fuerza de contacto, mientras que un trozo de hierro atraído por un imán es un ejemplo de uso de una fuerza sin contacto. La mecánica de ingeniería se basa en ciertas suposiciones para permitir un análisis teórico. En primer lugar, un objeto a menudo se trata como una partícula con masa cuyo tamaño se puede descuidar. Esta simplificación nos permite describir el movimiento del objeto utilizando ecuaciones matemáticas más simples. En segundo lugar, independientemente de su material y la carga aplicada, la partícula se considera un cuerpo rígido y se descarta la deformación. Finalmente, la carga aplicada se representa como una fuerza concentrada que actúa en un punto de un objeto. Por ejemplo, se considera una partícula al analizar la capacidad de carga de un gancho de grúa, independientemente de su tamaño y forma. El gancho es un cuerpo no deformable y una fuerza solo actúa en un punto particular en el gancho.

Concepto básico

La ingeniería mecánica es una rama de la ingeniería que estudia el movimiento y las fuerzas que actúan sobre los objetos. Es un tema fundamental y constituye la base de ...

Education

Educación

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

Ingeniería Mecánica

Unit 1

Unidad 1

An Introduction to Statics

Introducción a la Estática

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TÉRMINOS Y CONCEPTOS CLAVE

fundamental quantities in engineering mechanics

Engineering mechanics begins with four basic quantities: length, time, mass, and force. These ideas help describe how objects move and how they respond to loads. They also support many other engineering fields.

Length measures the distance traveled by an object. Engineers describe this distance with coordinates relative to a reference point. Length is also useful for showing the geometry of physical systems.

Time measures the succession of an event. A bus traveling from city X to city Y is a simple example. The bus location can be tracked with a coordinate system, but time is needed to measure the travel period.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object. It does not change with location. Mass can be related to how much an object resists a change in direction or speed when a force acts on it.

Force is the action of one body on another. It can push, pull, attract, or repel. Gravity is an example of an attractive force. Pushing a surface is a contact force, while an iron piece pulled by a magnet shows a non-contact force.

Engineering mechanics also uses simplifying assumptions to make analysis possible. An object may be treated as a particle with mass, so its size is ignored. It may also be treated as a rigid body, which means deformation is neglected. The load is then shown as a concentrated force acting at a single point, such as when studying the load-carrying capacity of a crane hook.

Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics

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an introduction to mechanics

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Mechanics is a key branch of physics that explains how objects stay at rest or move when forces act on them. It also has major uses in engineering and science. The topic helps students understand everyday motion, machine behavior, and the way many systems work. The recorded history of mechanics begins with Aristotle, who lived from 384 to 322 BC. He linked mechanics with physical theory and looked for a broad universal explanation. Later, Newton defined mechanics as the study of objects at...

basic concept

Engineering mechanics begins with four basic quantities: length, time, mass, and force. These ideas help describe how objects move and how they respond to loads. They also support many other engineering fields. Length measures the distance traveled by an object. Engineers describe this distance with coordinates relative to a reference point. Length is also useful for showing the geometry of physical systems. Time measures the succession of an event. A bus traveling from city X to city Y is a...

newton's law of motion

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units of measurement

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problem solving in statics

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key terms and concepts

Explore length, time, mass, and force in engineering mechanics, plus key simplifying assumptions like particles, rigid bodies, and concentrated loads.

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IPC.1

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PHYS.1.B

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PHYS.1.C

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PHYS.1.D

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PHYS.1.E

Review and Preview

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Multiple Bar Graph

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Pie Chart

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PHYS.1.F

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PHYS.1.H

Scientific and engineering practices. The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, asks questions, identifies problems, and plans and safely conducts classroom, laboratory, and field investigations to answer questions, explain phenomena, or design solutions using appropriate tools and models. The student is expected to:

Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics

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