Name: how structural steel shapes are made
Uploaded: 2024-09-12T16:16:25.000Z
Duration: 1 min 24 s
Channel: JoVE

Los productos de acero estructural se fabrican en un molino estructural, donde la viga en bruto se recalienta y se refina a través de rodillos en la forma y el tamaño requeridos.
El ajuste de las distancias entre rodillos en el molino estructural produce familias de secciones estructurales con formas relacionadas.
La forma final es una longitud continua desde los últimos rodillos, segmentada por una sierra caliente. Los segmentos se enfrían y enderezan para garantizar la uniformidad.
Las secciones más pesadas se producen soldando bridas y placas de alma, en lugar de laminar.
Las formas estructurales se identifican por nomenclatura estándar con una letra para la forma y números para el tamaño, el grosor o el peso.
Algunos ejemplos son las formas de viga, pilar, canal y T, identificadas por la forma, la profundidad nominal y el peso.
Los ángulos, las secciones huecas, las barras y las placas se designan por forma, tamaño y grosor.
El acero estructural se puede trabajar en frío mediante laminación, flexión o estiramiento a temperatura ambiente, modificando la forma de los miembros.
Las láminas de acero delgadas forman secciones C livianas, mientras que las láminas más gruesas se moldean en frío en varias formas huecas, que luego se sueldan a lo largo de sus costuras longitudinales.

productos de acero estructural

Structural Steel Products

Los productos de acero estructural se crean en un laminador estructural. El proceso comienza con una pieza en bruto de viga que se recalienta y luego se pasa por una serie de rodillos. Estos rodillos moldean progresivamente el metal hasta su forma final. El ajuste de los espacios entre los rodillos permite la producción de diferentes secciones con las mismas dimensiones nominales.

Una vez moldeado, la forma final del acero surge como una longitud continua, que luego se segmenta con una sierra caliente en piezas manejables. Estos segmentos se enfrían posteriormente y pasan por otro conjunto de rodillos que enderezan el acero, rectificando cualquier desviación o falla que pueda haberse introducido durante el proceso de moldeado.

Para secciones estructurales más pesadas, un método alternativo implica soldar las placas de brida y alma juntas en lugar de depender únicamente del laminado. Este método permite la producción de secciones más grandes y más robustas necesarias para demandas de construcción sustanciales.

Las formas de acero estructural están estandarizadas e identificadas por una nomenclatura específica que incluye una letra que representa la forma seguida de detalles de tamaño, espesor o peso. Las formas estructurales más comunes incluyen vigas, columnas, canales y perfiles en T, cada uno caracterizado por dimensiones específicas, como profundidad nominal y peso. Además, otras formas, como ángulos, secciones huecas, barras y placas, se designan por su forma, tamaño y espesor.

El acero estructural también se puede modificar después de la producción mediante métodos de trabajo en frío, como laminado, doblado o estiramiento a temperatura ambiente para alterar la forma de los elementos. Las láminas de acero delgadas se utilizan a menudo para crear secciones en C livianas, mientras que las láminas más gruesas se pueden conformar en frío en varias formas huecas, como formas cuadradas, rectangulares, redondas o elípticas, que luego se sueldan a lo largo de sus costuras longitudinales para producir secciones huecas robustas.

Productos de acero estructural

Los productos de acero estructural se fabrican en un molino estructural, donde la viga en bruto se recalienta y se refina a través de rodillos ...

Education

Educación

JoVE Core

Civil Engineering

Ingeniería Civil

Unit 1

Unidad 1

Masonry Materials

Materiales de albañilería

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TÉRMINOS Y CONCEPTOS CLAVE

how structural steel shapes are made

Structural steel shapes are made in a structural mill. The process starts with a beam blank. The steel is reheated and then sent through a series of rollers that gradually form it into its final shape.

The spacing between the rollers can be changed to make different sections with the same nominal dimensions. After shaping, the steel leaves the mill as a continuous length. A hot saw then cuts it into manageable pieces.

The cut pieces are cooled and passed through another set of rollers. These rollers straighten the steel and correct deviations or flaws that may have been introduced during shaping. For heavier structural sections, manufacturers may weld flange and web plates together instead of using rolling alone.

Structural steel shapes use standard names and codes. A letter identifies the shape, and the size, thickness, or weight comes next. Common examples include beams, columns, channels, and T shapes, along with angles, hollow sections, bars, and plates.

Steel members can also be changed after production by cold-working at room temperature. Cold-working includes rolling, bending, and stretching. Thin steel sheets can be formed into lightweight C-sections, while thicker sheets can be cold-formed into square, rectangular, round, or elliptical hollow shapes and then welded along their length.

How Structural Steel Shapes Are Made

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Masonry uses stone and man-made units such as bricks, clay tiles, terra cotta, and concrete blocks to build structures. These units can form walls, floors, and arches. Masonry is valued for strength, durability, and a wide range of visual finishes. The units are laid in rows called coursing. Mortar, a mix of water, cement, and sand, binds the units together. Building with masonry is hands-on and can be done with basic tools. A trowel applies mortar, a hammer helps adjust placement, and levels...

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brick classifications

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How Brick Quality Affects Masonry Performance

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brick masonry

Brick Wall Bonds and Wythes

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Stone Masonry Types and Jointing

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structural steel products

Structural steel shapes are made in a structural mill. The process starts with a beam blank. The steel is reheated and then sent through a series of rollers that gradually form it into its final shape. The spacing between the rollers can be changed to make different sections with the same nominal dimensions. After shaping, the steel leaves the mill as a continuous length. A hot saw then cuts it into manageable pieces. The cut pieces are cooled and passed through another set of rollers. These...

steel fastening techniques

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key terms and concepts

Learn how structural steel shapes are made in a mill, cut, straightened, welded, and cold-formed into beams, columns, channels, and hollow sections.

How Structural Steel Shapes Are Made | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Civil Engineering provides a foundational exploration of essential construction materials in civil engineering, focusing on bricks, stones, steel, wood, and concrete through easy-to-understand animated videos. This collection covers the properties, manufacturing processes, and practical applications of these materials. Additionally, the accompanied science-in-action videos demonstrate the research experiments performed in laboratories.

civil engineering

How Structural Steel Shapes Are Made

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