Particle Model
Particle Model - Related Videos
03:37
Subatomic Particles
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2020
Dalton was only partially correct about the particles that make up matter. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom. The Discovery of the Electron The first clue about the subatomic structure came at the end of the 19th century when J.J. Thomson discovered the electron using a cathode ray tube. This apparatus consisted of a sealed glass...
09:46
Construction and Evaluation of a Murine Calvarial Osteolysis Model by Exposure to CoCrMo Particles in Aseptic Loosening
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Cited by 9 •
2018
This manuscript describes a murine calvarial osteolysis model by exposure to CoCrMo particles, which constitutes an ideal animal model for assessing the interactions between wear particles and various cells in aseptic loosening.
06:54
Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model
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Cited by 10 •
2015
We demonstrate how to determine the size distribution of semiconductor nanocrystals in a quantitative manner using Raman spectroscopy employing an analytically defined multi-particle phonon confinement model. Results obtained are in excellent agreement with the other size analysis techniques like transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
02:41
Concentration and Purification of Viral Particles
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2026
Source: Fricano-Kugler, C. J., et al. Designing, Packaging, and Delivery of High Titer CRISPR Retro and Lentiviruses via Stereotaxic Injection. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).This video demonstrates the step-by-step process for concentrating and purifying lentiviral particles from a mixed suspension containing host cell debris. The procedure utilizes centrifugation, filtration, and PEG-salt precipitation to isolate viral particles while removing soluble impurities. The final product is resuspended in a...
02:10
The Nucleosome Core Particle
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2020
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins. The paradox Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
FAQs
Temperature represents the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material. As temperature changes, particle motion changes, which can influence measurable behavior such as pressure, density, and phase. Engineers use this relationship to connect thermal conditions with how gases, fluids, and materials respond in operating environments.
Forces between particles help determine how matter behaves under different conditions. Their effects are reflected in properties including pressure, density, strength, and phase. Considering these interactions allows engineers to relate microscopic behavior to the performance of materials and systems rather than treating measured properties as isolated observations.
The arrangement of particles contributes to differences in material behavior, especially when considered alongside particle motion and interactions. This perspective helps distinguish how matter responds in fluids, gases, and solid materials. In engineering analysis, those distinctions support explanations of flow, deformation, thermal behavior, and changes between phases.
Engineers examine particle arrangement, motion, and interactions, then relate those features to observable quantities such as pressure, density, strength, and temperature response. This multiscale approach provides a framework for interpreting material performance and for using microscopic mechanisms to inform the analysis and design of engineering systems.
The framework supports analysis of fluids, gases, heat transfer, diffusion, and material deformation. These areas involve changes in particle motion, arrangement, or interactions that appear as measurable system behavior. Applying the model helps engineers interpret transport and material responses across scales in practical engineering investigations.
Its engineering relevance extends to the design and analysis of engines, chemical processes, structural materials, and thermal systems. In each case, the model helps connect particle-level mechanisms with measurable performance. That connection supports decisions about how materials and systems behave under thermal, mechanical, fluid, or process-related conditions.