Studying the Effects of Temperature on the Nucleation and Growth of Nanoparticles by Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy

Temperature control during liquid-phase electron microscopy experiments opens up new perspectives of studying the dynamic of nanoparticles in liquid environments mimicking their formation or application media. Using recently developed heating liquid cells, we directly observed the influence of temperature on the nucleation and growth processes of gold nanoparticles in water.