Low-Cost Electroencephalographic Recording System Combined with a Millimeter-Sized Coil to Transcranially Stimulate the Mouse Brain <em>In Vivo</em>

Takahiro Yoshikawa; Hiromu Sato; Koki Kawakatsu; Takashi Tateno

doi:10.3791/65302

Système d’enregistrement électroencéphalographique à faible coût combiné à une bobine de taille m...

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JoVE Journal Neuroscience

Low-Cost Electroencephalographic Recording System Combined with a Millimeter-Sized Coil to Transcranially Stimulate the Mouse Brain In Vivo

Système d’enregistrement électroencéphalographique à faible coût combiné à une bobine de taille millimétrique pour stimuler transcrânalement le cerveau de la souris in vivo

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05:26 min

May 26, 2023

DOI: 10.3791/65302-v

Takahiro Yoshikawa*¹, Hiromu Sato*¹, Koki Kawakatsu¹, Takashi Tateno²

¹Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology,Hokkaido University, ²Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Division of Information Science and Technology,Hokkaido University

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Overview

This study proposes a low-cost electroencephalographic (EEG) recording system combined with a millimeter-sized coil for driving transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in vivo in mice. The system aims to advance understanding of brain activity through multi-site recordings in response to TMS, enabling researchers to explore excitability and connectivity across brain regions.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

Neuroscience
Electrophysiology
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

Background

TMS and EEG are used to study brain function non-invasively.
Simultaneous TMS-EEG measurements enhance exploration of brain dynamics.
Existing systems for small animals have limitations and require custom solutions.
This study develops a practical, adaptable system for standard labs.

Purpose of Study

To create a simultaneous stimulation measurement system for TMS-EEG in small animals.
To improve accessibility and practicality for neuroscience research.
To clarify mechanisms underlying neurological disorders using small animal models.

Methods Used

Electroencephalography (EEG) recording with a flexible multielectrode array.
Mouse model under intraperitoneal anesthesia for electrode and coil placement.
Detailed surgical and setup procedures for optimal placement of electrodes and stimulation device.
Recording and stimulation sessions using a function generator and data acquisition system.

Main Results

Successful recordings of EEG waveforms in response to sound and TMS.
Negative going responses observed post-sound stimulation, with variations based upon magnetic stimulation intensity.
Increased peak amplitudes in EEG recordings correlated with heightened stimulation.
Data illustrates the system's capability to measure brain responses during TMS.

Conclusions

The study demonstrates a practical setup for simultaneous TMS-EEG in rodents.
This methodology opens avenues for further research on cerebral mechanisms related to disorders.
Improved understanding of human neurological conditions and potential treatments is anticipated.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the advantages of this TMS-EEG setup?

The low-cost and adaptable nature of the setup makes it available for standard neuroscience labs, facilitating simultaneous measurement of brain activity during TMS.

How is the mouse model prepared for the experiment?

Mice are intraperitoneally anesthetized, and the skull is exposed to attach electrodes and appropriately place the TMS coil.

What types of outcomes are measured using this method?

The system enables recordings of EEG waveforms, capturing brain responses to both sound and magnetic stimulation.

Can the setup be adapted for other types of studies?

Yes, the described system is versatile and can be modified to suit various experimental needs in neuroscience research.

What electrical parameters are measured during the experiments?

Conductance between electrodes and connectors is measured to ensure proper electrical function before recordings begin.

What limitations should researchers consider with this setup?

Challenges may arise from the need for customization to specific experimental conditions, as well as potential variability in animal responses.

Un système d’enregistrement électroencéphalographique à faible coût combiné à une bobine de taille millimétrique est proposé pour stimuler la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne du cerveau de la souris in vivo. En utilisant des électrodes à vis conventionnelles avec un substrat multi-électrodes flexible sur mesure, l’enregistrement multisite peut être effectué à partir du cerveau de la souris en réponse à la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne.

En neurosciences, la TMS et l’enregistrement EEG sont fréquemment utilisés pour faire progresser notre compréhension du cerveau. La SMT est particulièrement prometteuse en raison de son caractère non invasif. La combinaison de la SMT avec l’enregistrement EEG permet aux chercheurs d’explorer l’excitabilité, la connectivité et la dynamique spatio-temporelle dans diverses régions du cerveau.

Ce protocole vise à développer un système de mesure de stimulation simultanée pour les expériences TMS-EEG avec de petits animaux. Ces systèmes n’ont pas été développés de manière approfondie, obligeant les chercheurs à créer un système d’essais et d’erreurs en fonction des exigences expérimentales uniques. Cette approche facilement adaptable peut être mise en place dans des laboratoires de neurosciences standard, ce qui la rend plus accessible et pratique pour les chercheurs.

Les résultats de cette étude feront progresser la recherche et l’élucidation des mécanismes à l’origine de troubles spécifiques chez les petits animaux, qui sont des modèles essentiels pour les candidats humains. De plus, ces modèles amélioreront leur compréhension des conditions humaines et aideront à orienter la création de traitements et d’interventions plus efficaces.

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