Ammonium Chloride Lysis
Ammonium Chloride Lysis - Related Videos
09:50
Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
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Cited by 31 •
2015
We demonstrate the extraction of ammonium from an ammonium-rich stream using an electrochemical and a bioelectrochemical system. The reactor setup, operation and data analysis are discussed.
03:12
A Procedure for Bacterial Harvesting and Mechanical Lysis
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2025
Source: Mercier, N., et al. MS2-Affinity Purification Coupled with RNA Sequencing in Gram-Positive Bacteria. J. Vis. Exp. (2021)This video demonstrates a step-by-step procedure for harvesting bacterial cells and mechanically lysing them to release intracellular contents.
07:32
Dynamic Electrochemical Measurement of Chloride Ions
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Cited by 5 •
2016
Dynamic measurement of chloride ions is presented. Transition time of an Ag/AgCl electrode, during a chronopotentiometric technique, can give the concentration of chloride ions in electrolyte. This method does not require a stable conventional reference electrode.
01:32
Tissue Homogenization and Cell Lysis
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2023
Tissue homogenization involves disintegrating tissue architecture and lysing cells, and is an early step in isolating and analyzing cellular components. The method used for homogenization depends on the sample type, the amount of sample available, the analyte to be obtained, and the sensitivity of the method. These methods are broadly classified as mechanical and non-mechanical methods. Mechanical methods of tissue homogenization These methods rely on applying external physical force to disrupt...
01:25
Isolation of Ammonium-Oxidizing Iron Reducers from a Wetland Soil–Derived Enrichment Culture
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2025
Begin with a wetland soil-derived enrichment culture containing bacterial communities.The culture exhibits Feammox activity, ammonium oxidation coupled to ferric iron reduction, indicating the enrichment of a bacterium capable of this metabolic process.Serially dilute the culture using media.Streak the diluted samples onto test agar plates supplemented with ferric iron and ammonium.Use control plates that lack either ferric iron or ammonium, or contain ferric iron with organic carbon instead of...
FAQs
Selectivity comes from the difference between erythrocytes and nucleated cells during brief exposure to a hypotonic ammonium chloride solution. Water enters erythrocytes and disrupts their membranes, whereas nucleated cells generally tolerate this interval. This contrast reduces the red-cell component without broadly eliminating the cells needed for cellular or molecular analysis.
Erythrocytes undergo membrane disruption when water enters them in the hypotonic solution, releasing hemoglobin and producing cellular debris. Nucleated cells generally withstand the brief treatment and remain available for subsequent analysis. This difference in response is the central mechanism that enables enrichment of the non-red-cell fraction from blood or tissue suspensions.
Centrifugation separates the remaining intact leukocyte or tumor-cell fraction from hemoglobin and cellular debris generated during erythrocyte disruption. Removing this material produces a cleaner preparation, which can improve the interpretability of downstream measurements. The separation is therefore important not merely for handling the sample, but for reducing red-cell-derived interference during analysis.
The sample is first exposed to a hypotonic ammonium chloride solution for a brief incubation, allowing erythrocyte membranes to disrupt while nucleated cells generally remain intact. Centrifugation then separates the desired cellular fraction from hemoglobin and debris. The resulting preparation can proceed to analytical workflows such as immunophenotyping, cell sorting, or molecular assays.
Removing red cells reduces background material that could interfere with analysis of the retained leukocyte or tumor-cell fraction. A cleaner suspension can also improve antibody access to cellular targets, supporting flow cytometry and immunophenotyping. These benefits help researchers examine cellular markers and immune responses with less interference from the original blood or tissue mixture.
The technique is useful when cancer studies require cleaner preparations of immune cells, circulating tumor cells, or cells involved in hematologic malignancies. By reducing red-cell interference, it supports flow cytometry, cell sorting, immunophenotyping, and molecular assays. Its value is greatest when researchers need to characterize or isolate nucleated cells from blood or tissue-derived suspensions.