Lidocaine
Lidocaine - Related Videos
05:43
Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow
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Cited by 11 •
2017
The topical anesthetic lidocaine was atomized using a high oxygen flow through the working channel of a flexible intubating endoscope to achieve topical airway anesthesia for awake endotracheal intubation. We prefer this modified spray-as-you-go technique for endoscopic intubation to classical bolus application because of higher patient satisfaction and better compliance.
08:30
Intra-articular Shoulder Injection for Reduction Following Shoulder Dislocation
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2023
Source: Rachel Liu, BAO, MBBCh, Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA The anterior shoulder dislocation is one of the most common joint dislocations seen in emergency settings. In anterior shoulder dislocation, the humeral head is displaced out of the glenohumeral joint in front of the scapular glenoid, resulting in a loss of the articulation between the arm and the rest of the shoulder. This can be caused by a fall onto an abducted, extended, and externally...
09:41
Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid
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Cited by 28 •
2010
Fat pad aspiration is a preferred, minimally invasive, and low cost approach as compared to other methods to detect amyloid for diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis. This video article demonstrates a procedural outline for performing fat pad aspiration with appropriate processing of the specimen for the optimal diagnostic outcome.
07:44
Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Foraminotomy Under Local Anesthesia for L5/S1 Adjacent Segment Foraminal Stenosis
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Cited by 1 •
2025
This protocol provides a step-by-step guide for performing transforaminal full-endoscopic foraminotomy under local anesthesia. This motion-preserving technique is presented as a minimally invasive surgical alternative to fusion extension for treating L5/S1 foraminal stenosis in patients with adjacent segment disease.
03:02
Nictitating Membrane Removal: A Surgical Procedure to Remove Nictitating Membrane from Rabbit Eye
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate a surgical procedure to remove nictitating membrane from rabbit’s eye.
FAQs
The drug preferentially binds voltage-gated sodium channels when they are open or inactivated, rather than affecting all channels equally at rest. This state dependence limits sodium entry during active electrical signaling, reducing the ability of excitable cells to initiate or propagate action potentials. The mechanism explains both regional sensory blockade and suppression of selected abnormal cardiac activity.
Route of administration influences how quickly lidocaine reaches its site of action and how widely it distributes. Topical application concentrates the drug at a surface region, whereas injection delivers it into tissue through a different exposure pathway. These route-dependent differences help determine the timing, location, and extent of the resulting pharmacological effect.
Lidocaine produces different clinical effects because voltage-gated sodium channels support electrical activity in both nerves and cardiac tissue. Limiting sodium-channel activity in nerves reduces regional sensation, while comparable effects in cardiac tissue can suppress specific abnormal rhythms. Pharmacology therefore uses lidocaine to illustrate how one molecular target can generate tissue-specific outcomes.
The intended treatment location and need for regional numbness help distinguish topical application from injection. Topical use is suited to surface exposure, while injection places lidocaine into tissue for a localized effect during procedures or pain management. The selected route also affects distribution and onset, so it must match the desired regional outcome.
Lidocaine undergoes metabolism in the liver, making disposition an important part of its pharmacological profile. Its potential for neurological or cardiovascular toxicity also means that drug action must be considered alongside safety. These features make lidocaine useful for examining how metabolism, exposure, therapeutic effects, and adverse effects are connected in drug use.
Lidocaine provides a practical model for studying drug action across local and cardiac applications. Researchers and clinicians can examine how route-dependent distribution produces regional numbness, while selected diagnostic or therapeutic interventions illustrate its antiarrhythmic role. Its rapid onset, liver metabolism, and toxicity potential also support investigation of dosing principles and safety.