Name: fundamental quantities in engineering mechanics
Uploaded: 2023-09-22T11:49:18.000Z
Duration: 1 min 28 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Physics

PHYS.1

IPC.1.G

Basic Concept

I concetti di base della meccanica ingegneristica sono lunghezza, tempo, massa e forza.
Consideriamo un oggetto che si muove dal punto A al punto B. La distanza percorsa è descritta in base alla lunghezza utilizzando le coordinate relative a un punto di riferimento.
La lunghezza descrive anche le proprietà geometriche dei sistemi fisici, mentre il tempo misura la successione di un evento come il tempo di viaggio tra i punti A e B.
La massa è una misura della quantità di materia in un oggetto che non cambia con la posizione, mentre la forza è considerata come l'azione di un corpo su un altro, come la spinta o l'attrazione, o l'attrazione gravitazionale.
Per l'analisi teorica, la meccanica ingegneristica utilizza alcune ipotesi. In primo luogo, un oggetto è considerato come una particella con massa, le cui dimensioni possono essere trascurate.
In secondo luogo, indipendentemente dal materiale e dal carico applicato, la particella è considerata come un corpo rigido in cui la deformazione è trascurata.
Infine, il carico applicato è rappresentato come una forza concentrata che agisce in un punto su un oggetto.

<ol>
	<li>Hibbeler, R.C. (2016). Ingegneria Meccanica \u2012 Statica e Dinamica. Hoboken, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. Pagine 4 \u2012 5.</li>
	<li>Birra, F.P.; Johnston, E.R.; Mazurek, D.F; Cromwell, P.J. e Self, B.P. (2019). Meccanica vettoriale per ingegneri \u2012 Statica e dinamica. New York: McGraw-Hill. Pagine – 3.</li>
	<li>Meriam, J.L.; Kraige, LG e Bolton, JN (2020). Ingegneria Meccanica \u2012 Statica. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley. pagine – 2.</li>
</ol>

nozioni di base

L'ingegneria meccanica è una branca dell'ingegneria che studia il moto e le forze che agiscono sugli oggetti. È una materia fondamentale e costituisce la base di molte altre discipline ingegneristiche. Lunghezza, tempo, massa e forza sono alcuni concetti di base dell'ingegneria meccanica.
La lunghezza, che misura la distanza percorsa da un oggetto, è un concetto fondamentale dell'ingegneria meccanica. Per descrivere la distanza si utilizzano coordinate relative a un punto di riferimento. La lunghezza non solo aiuta a descrivere la distanza percorsa da un oggetto, ma viene anche utilizzata per descrivere le proprietà geometriche dei sistemi fisici.
Ad esempio, consideriamo un autobus che viaggia dalla città X alla città Y. La posizione dell'autobus in qualsiasi momento dato può essere tracciata con l'aiuto di un sistema di coordinate.
In questo caso, la lunghezza è insufficiente per descrivere l'evento e, di conseguenza, viene utilizzato il tempo per misurare la progressione di un evento, come il tempo di viaggio tra la città X e la città Y. Il tempo, che misura la progressione di un evento, è un altro concetto fondamentale dell'ingegneria meccanica.
La massa è una misura della quantità di materia in un oggetto e non cambia con la posizione. La massa può essere misurata determinando la misura in cui un oggetto oppone resistenza a un cambiamento di direzione o velocità quando viene applicata una forza.
La forza è un altro concetto importante nell'ingegneria meccanica ed è definita come l'azione di un corpo su un altro. Le forze possono spingere, tirare, attrarre o respingere un oggetto verso un altro. La gravità è un esempio classico di forza che attrae gli oggetti l'uno verso l'altro.
Spingere un oggetto è un esempio di utilizzo di una forza di contatto, mentre un pezzo di ferro attratto da un magnete è un esempio di utilizzo di una forza non di contatto.
L'ingegneria meccanica si basa su determinati presupposti per rendere possibile l'analisi teorica. Innanzitutto, un oggetto viene spesso considerato come una particella con massa le cui dimensioni possono essere trascurate. Questa semplificazione ci permette di descrivere il moto dell'oggetto utilizzando equazioni matematiche più semplici. In secondo luogo, indipendentemente dal suo materiale e dal carico applicato, la particella è considerata un corpo rigido e si trascura la deformazione. Infine, il carico applicato viene rappresentato come una forza concentrata che agisce su un punto dell'oggetto. Ad esempio, nell'analisi della capacità di carico di un gancio da gru, il gancio è considerato una particella indipendentemente dalle sue dimensioni e dalla forma. Il gancio è un corpo indeformabile e una forza agirà solo su un punto specifico di esso.

Nozioni di base

La meccanica ingegneristica è una branca dell'ingegneria che studia il movimento e le forze che agiscono sugli oggetti. È un argomento fondamentale e costituisce la base di ...

Education

Didattica

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

Ingegneria Meccanica

Unit 1

Unità 1

An Introduction to Statics

Introduzione alla statica

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TERMINI E CONCETTI CHIAVE

fundamental quantities in engineering mechanics

Engineering mechanics begins with four basic quantities: length, time, mass, and force. These ideas help describe how objects move and how they respond to loads. They also support many other engineering fields.

Length measures the distance traveled by an object. Engineers describe this distance with coordinates relative to a reference point. Length is also useful for showing the geometry of physical systems.

Time measures the succession of an event. A bus traveling from city X to city Y is a simple example. The bus location can be tracked with a coordinate system, but time is needed to measure the travel period.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object. It does not change with location. Mass can be related to how much an object resists a change in direction or speed when a force acts on it.

Force is the action of one body on another. It can push, pull, attract, or repel. Gravity is an example of an attractive force. Pushing a surface is a contact force, while an iron piece pulled by a magnet shows a non-contact force.

Engineering mechanics also uses simplifying assumptions to make analysis possible. An object may be treated as a particle with mass, so its size is ignored. It may also be treated as a rigid body, which means deformation is neglected. The load is then shown as a concentrated force acting at a single point, such as when studying the load-carrying capacity of a crane hook.

Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics

fundamental-quantities-in-engineering-mechanics

an introduction to mechanics

Mechanics in Physics and Engineering

Mechanics is a key branch of physics that explains how objects stay at rest or move when forces act on them. It also has major uses in engineering and science. The topic helps students understand everyday motion, machine behavior, and the way many systems work. The recorded history of mechanics begins with Aristotle, who lived from 384 to 322 BC. He linked mechanics with physical theory and looked for a broad universal explanation. Later, Newton defined mechanics as the study of objects at...

basic concept

Engineering mechanics begins with four basic quantities: length, time, mass, and force. These ideas help describe how objects move and how they respond to loads. They also support many other engineering fields. Length measures the distance traveled by an object. Engineers describe this distance with coordinates relative to a reference point. Length is also useful for showing the geometry of physical systems. Time measures the succession of an event. A bus traveling from city X to city Y is a...

newton's law of motion

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units of measurement

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accuracy, limits, and approximation

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problem solving in statics

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key terms and concepts

Explore length, time, mass, and force in engineering mechanics, plus key simplifying assumptions like particles, rigid bodies, and concentrated loads.

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JoVE Core Mechanical Engineering offers concise, easy-to-understand animated videos covering key topics such as equilibrium, forces, truss analysis, and structural mechanics. Explore their real-world applications, and witness these concepts in action through scientist-led experiments.

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Chemistry and Physics

IPC.1

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PHYS.1.C

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PHYS.1.D

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PHYS.1.E

Review and Preview

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Multiple Bar Graph

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PHYS.1.F

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PHYS.1.H

Scientific and engineering practices. The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, asks questions, identifies problems, and plans and safely conducts classroom, laboratory, and field investigations to answer questions, explain phenomena, or design solutions using appropriate tools and models. The student is expected to:

Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics

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