8.11
Metodi di stagionatura
Gli elementi in calcestruzzo con un piccolo rapporto superficie/volume vengono induriti oliando e inumidendo le casseforme prima di gettare l'elemento…
L'oliatura e l'inumidimento delle forme prima del getto del calcestruzzo aiutano a indurire gli elementi in calcestruzzo con un piccolo rapporto superficie/volume.
Queste forme possono essere lasciate in opera per un tempo specifico e bagnate se in legno, oppure se rimosse precocemente, il calcestruzzo deve essere inumidito e coperto con fogli di polietilene.
Una copertura viene sospesa sopra grandi superfici orizzontali in calcestruzzo appena posate esposte a condizioni atmosferiche asciutte fino a quando il calcestruzzo non viene indurito, seguito da una stagionatura a umido.
Spruzzare o nebulizzare l'acqua utilizzando un sistema di ugelli e bagnare o inondare d'acqua le superfici in calcestruzzo facilita l'indurimento a umido.
In alternativa, la copertura del calcestruzzo con segatura o paglia inumidita o tessuti saturi che trattengono l'umidità come stuoie di iuta o cotone bagnate che vengono periodicamente annaffiate o ricoperte con un film di polietilene garantisce il contatto acqua-cemento.
Fornire membrane impermeabili sul calcestruzzo può ridurre al minimo l'evaporazione dell'umidità ma prevenire l'ingresso di umidità. Questi possono essere realizzati con carta impermeabile, fogli di plastica o composti sigillanti che formano membrane applicati manualmente o spruzzati su superfici in calcestruzzo umide.
L'indurimento dei campioni di prova di laboratorio del calcestruzzo si ottiene immergendoli in acqua.
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Q1: Why should concrete forms be oiled and moistened before pouring?
Oiling and moistening forms before pouring concrete aids in curing concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio. This preparation helps prevent moisture loss from the freshly cast concrete and facilitates easier form removal. Proper form conditioning ensures better moisture retention during the critical early curing period.
Q2: What are the main methods for wet curing concrete surfaces?
Wet curing concrete is achieved through spraying or fogging water using nozzle systems or by ponding and flooding concrete surfaces with water. Alternatively, covering concrete with moistened sawdust, straw, or saturated moisture-retaining fabrics like wet hessian or cotton mats maintains water-concrete contact. These methods ensure continuous moisture availability during the curing process.
Q3: How do impervious membranes affect concrete curing?
Impervious membranes made of waterproof papers, plastic sheets, or membrane-forming sealing compounds minimize moisture evaporation from concrete surfaces. However, these membranes prevent moisture ingress and cannot replace moisture lost through self-desiccation. They are applied manually or sprayed onto damp concrete to reduce surface water loss.
Q4: What should be done if concrete forms are removed early?
If concrete forms are removed early, the concrete must be moistened and covered using polyethylene sheets to maintain moisture content. This protective covering prevents rapid evaporation and ensures adequate hydration during the critical curing phase. Early form removal requires immediate protective measures to preserve concrete quality.
Q5: How are large horizontal concrete surfaces protected during curing in dry weather?
A temporary covering is suspended above freshly laid large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather until the concrete sets. After the concrete hardens, wet curing is initiated using spraying, fogging, or ponding methods. This staged protection prevents rapid moisture loss during the vulnerable initial setting period.
Q6: Why is immersion in water used for laboratory concrete specimens?
Immersion in water is the standard curing method for laboratory test specimens of concrete because it provides complete and uniform moisture saturation. This method ensures consistent hydration conditions and allows accurate measurement of concrete properties under controlled curing environments. Water immersion represents ideal curing conditions for standardized testing.
Q7: Can wooden forms be left in place during concrete curing?
Yes, wooden forms can be left in place for a prolonged period and periodically wetted to prevent moisture loss from the concrete. Keeping forms in place protects the concrete surface and maintains moisture content during curing. If forms are made of suitable materials, they can be an effective moisture-retention strategy.