13.6
Esempio di progettazione: sostenibilità negli edifici in calcestruzzo
Man mano che il settore edile si orienta verso pratiche più ecosostenibili, l'adattabilità del calcestruzzo e la sua capacità di incorporare caratteri…
Un'impresa edile specializzata in edifici in calcestruzzo ha costruito un edificio commerciale sostenibile.
Le varie pratiche sostenibili incorporate nell'edificio in cemento includono la fornitura di un'area di parcheggio in cemento sotto l'edificio per creare più aree aperte intorno ad esso.
Alcune porzioni delle aree aperte utilizzano blocchi di pavimentazione in calcestruzzo permeabile che consentono il deflusso dell'acqua piovana.
L'acqua piovana viene raccolta e immagazzinata in una cisterna sotterranea di cemento, da dove può essere riutilizzata, facilitando una costruzione efficiente dal punto di vista idrico.
L'utilizzo di calcestruzzo preconfezionato con materiali regionali e alcune porzioni di cemento di scoria, ceneri volanti e aggregati riciclati consente di risparmiare sui costi dei materiali.
L'incorporazione di rinforzi in acciaio riciclato contribuisce al recupero del materiale.
Pavimenti e soffitti sono realizzati in cemento a vista per ridurre al minimo l'uso di rivestimenti.
L'utilizzo di materiale di copertura in calcestruzzo con un alto indice di riflettanza solare e sistemi in calcestruzzo isolato riduce la domanda di sistemi di condizionamento dell'aria.
Infine, una piccola profondità dalla facciata dell'edificio al suo nucleo e ampi spazi privi di colonne massimizzano l'ingresso della luce naturale, aumentando l'efficienza energetica dell'edificio
View the full transcript and gain access to JoVE Core videos
Q1: How does permeable concrete improve water efficiency in sustainable building design?
Permeable concrete paver blocks allow rainwater to flow through them into an underground concrete cistern for storage and reuse. This water-efficient approach reduces demand on municipal water supplies and lowers operational costs. The collected rainwater can be used for landscaping, irrigation, and other non-potable applications, making the building more environmentally responsible.
Q2: What materials reduce costs while promoting sustainability in concrete construction?
Ready-mixed concrete made with regional materials, slag cement, fly ash, and recycled aggregates significantly reduce material costs while supporting sustainability. Using recycled steel for distributing reinforcements in concrete sections adds to material recovery efforts. These substitutions maintain structural performance while minimizing environmental impact and lowering overall project expenses.
Q3: How does exposed concrete contribute to sustainable building design?
Using exposed concrete for floors, ceilings, and walls eliminates the need for paints and coatings, reducing volatile organic compound emissions and improving indoor air quality. Exposed concrete also showcases the material's natural aesthetic while minimizing additional finishing materials. This approach reduces both construction waste and long-term maintenance requirements.
Q4: What role does concrete's thermal mass play in reducing energy consumption?
Concrete's thermal mass properties regulate indoor temperatures by absorbing and releasing heat gradually, reducing heating and cooling demands. Concrete roofing materials with high solar reflectance index and insulated concrete systems further minimize heat absorption. These features work together to lower air conditioning requirements and decrease overall building energy consumption.
Q5: How can building design maximize natural daylight in concrete structures?
Designing with large column-free spaces and shallow floor depths from the building's facade to its core allows natural daylight to penetrate deeper into the building. This architectural approach increases energy efficiency by reducing reliance on artificial lighting throughout the day. Maximizing daylight also improves occupant well-being and reduces operational energy costs.
Q6: Why is underground parking beneficial in sustainable concrete building design?
Constructing a concrete parking area beneath the building creates more open areas around the structure, reducing site coverage and allowing for green space or permeable surfaces. Underground parking protects vehicles while freeing valuable ground-level area for landscaping, rainwater infiltration, and pedestrian access. This design strategy enhances both environmental performance and site usability.
Q7: What sustainable practices address both material recovery and operational efficiency?
Sustainable concrete buildings combine material recovery strategies like recycled aggregates and recycled steel reinforcements with operational efficiency measures such as thermal mass utilization, high solar reflectance roofing, and natural daylight maximization. This integrated approach reduces embodied carbon from materials while lowering long-term energy consumption, creating comprehensive environmental benefits throughout the building's lifecycle.