Gene Integration
Gene Integration - Related Videos
02:24
AAV-Mediated Gene Delivery for Visualization of Compromised Retinal Membrane Integrity
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2026
Source: Vacca, O., et al. Using Adeno-associated Virus as a Tool to Study Retinal Barriers in Disease. J. Vis. Exp. (2015).This video demonstrates the method of AAV-mediated gene delivery in a transgenic mouse retina, followed by tissue dissection and staining to assess inner limiting membrane integrity.
03:29
PiggyBac Transposon-Mediated Gene Editing in Human iPSCs: A Procedure to Integrate Gene of Interest in Human iPSCs Using PiggyBac Transposon System
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2025
This video demonstrates the procedure to generate motor neurons by transfection of human iPSCs with PiggyBac transposon system by the ectopic expression of lineage-specific transcription factors.
04:24
TALEN-Mediated Targeted Gene Integration: Using Engineered Sequence-Specific Nucleases for the Precise Insertion of Fluorescent Protein Gene into hiPSCs
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2025
This video describes a precise genome editing technique in human induced pluripotent stem cells, or hiPSCs, using TALENs to create double-stranded breaks at a targeted locus, inducing homology-directed repair for fluorescence protein gene integration.
12:42
Fluorescence-microscopy Screening and Next-generation Sequencing: Useful Tools for the Identification of Genes Involved in Organelle Integrity
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Cited by 4 •
2012
A fundamental quest in cell biology is to define the mechanisms that underlie the identity of the organelles that make eukaryotic cells. Here we propose a method to identify the genes responsible for the morphological and functional integrity of plant organelles using fluorescence microscopy and next-generation sequencing tools.
02:19
Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes
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2020
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred irrespective...
FAQs
Two major repair routes give integration different molecular outcomes. Homologous recombination uses matching DNA sequences to guide insertion, whereas non-homologous end joining joins DNA ends without requiring the same type of matching region. The choice of pathway therefore affects how specifically an external sequence is placed, which matters when researchers need controlled gene-function studies or predictable cellular behavior.
Integration site and copy number are critical variables because they can influence gene expression and cellular behavior. A sequence inserted at one genomic location may not behave like the same sequence inserted elsewhere, while copy number can also affect the outcome. Researchers therefore interpret an integrated gene together with its genomic placement and copy number.
Viral vectors and transposases provide alternative routes for promoting insertion, but they are not the same molecular tool. A viral vector serves as a DNA delivery system, whereas a transposase is an enzyme that can promote movement and integration of a genetic sequence. Their inclusion broadens the ways external DNA can become stably associated with cellular genetic material.
Creating a stable cell line requires linking DNA delivery to genomic insertion rather than treating delivery alone as the endpoint. Researchers introduce the external sequence through a delivery system or molecular tool, then rely on cellular integration mechanisms so the sequence persists as cells divide. The resulting line can support repeated studies of gene function or cellular behavior.
Integration enables an introduced gene to persist in an organism’s cells, making it possible to examine consequences of that genetic addition in a biological context. This application complements stable cell-line work: cell lines provide a persistent experimental system, whereas transgenic organisms extend investigation to the organism level. Both approaches can be used to study gene function.
Gene-based therapies must account for more than whether DNA enters a cell. The genomic site and number of integrated copies can influence gene expression and cellular behavior, so these variables become important when evaluating an intervention’s biological consequences. Integration mechanisms, including repair pathways, viral vectors, or transposases, provide the molecular basis for establishing the added genetic material.