Post-printing Treatment
Post-printing Treatment - Related Videos
07:11
Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
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Cited by 9 •
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As technology develops and becomes more user-friendly, planning of operations and patient-specific surgical guides and fixation plates should be performed by the surgeon. We present a protocol for 3D planning of orthognathic skeletal movements and 3D planning and printing of patient-specific fixation plates and surgical guides.
10:49
Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks
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Cited by 58 •
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Planar and three-dimensional printing of conductive metallic inks is described. Our approach provides new avenues for fabricating printed electronic, optoelectronic, and biomedical devices in unusual layouts at the microscale.
05:11
Inkjet-printed Polyvinyl Alcohol Multilayers
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Cited by 4 •
2017
An inkjet printer was used to manufacture polyvinyl alcohol multilayers. Polyvinyl alcohol water-based ink was formulated, and the main physical properties were investigated.
09:17
3D Printing of Biomolecular Models for Research and Pedagogy
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Cited by 29 •
2017
Physical models of biomolecules can facilitate an understanding of their structure-function for the researcher, aid in communication between researchers, and serve as an educational tool in pedagogical endeavors. Here, we provide detailed guidance for the 3D printing of accurate models of biomolecules using fused filament fabrication desktop 3D printers.
09:21
Microcontact Printing of Proteins for Cell Biology
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Cited by 31 •
2008
Microcontact printing is used extensively to pattern proteins and other molecules on material surfaces. We demonstrate the basic steps of this process, stamping patterns of fibronectin onto glass.
FAQs
These variables control how far chemical and physical changes proceed after fabrication. Temperature can promote curing or cross-linking, while treatment time affects the extent of solvent removal and precursor conversion. The surrounding chemical environment can alter surface or bulk properties. Careful control is essential because treatment conditions influence final material quality, reproducibility, and functional performance.
Curing and cross-linking convert printed precursors into more stable material structures. This conversion can strengthen the object and improve properties such as chemical resistance, adhesion, or conductivity, depending on the material and treatment conditions. Incomplete conversion may leave unreacted materials, whereas controlled processing helps produce a final structure with more consistent composition and performance.
Chemical, thermal, and physical treatments modify printed objects through different types of controlled input. Chemical processing changes the material through its chemical environment, thermal processing uses temperature to promote conversion or remove residual solvents, and physical processing alters structure or surfaces without relying exclusively on chemical reactions. The selected approach depends on the desired composition, structure, and performance.
The result depends on the relationship between treatment conditions and the printed material's intended function. Processing must sufficiently remove residual solvents or unreacted materials and promote the needed curing or cross-linking without compromising the structure. Researchers therefore consider temperature, time, chemical environment, and target properties such as strength, porosity, adhesion, conductivity, and chemical resistance.
A practical sequence begins by identifying the printed precursor and the properties required in the final object. The treatment type is then selected as chemical, thermal, or physical, followed by control of temperature, time, or chemical environment. The treated object can be assessed for composition, structure, and performance to determine whether it meets the intended application.
Researchers apply it when fabrication produces a precursor that must be converted into a stable functional material. The process is especially relevant when the printed object requires improved mechanical strength, conductivity, porosity, adhesion, or chemical resistance. In additive manufacturing, this additional processing helps adapt printed structures for research, manufacturing, and device development.
Post-printing treatment can improve reproducibility by standardizing the conversion of printed material into its final form. Consistent control of temperature, time, and chemical environment helps limit variation in solvent removal, curing, cross-linking, and precursor conversion. Because these changes influence composition, structure, and performance, a controlled treatment procedure supports more predictable material quality across printed objects.
The comparison can show how processing changes the object's composition, structure, and functional properties. Researchers may determine whether treatment improves mechanical strength, conductivity, porosity, adhesion, or chemical resistance, and whether residual solvents or unreacted materials remain relevant. These outcomes help establish the treatment's suitability for a particular material, manufacturing process, or device-development objective.