Vacuum Drying
Vacuum Drying - Related Videos
08:59
Dry Oxidation and Vacuum Annealing Treatments for Tuning the Wetting Properties of Carbon Nanotube Arrays
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Cited by 11 •
2013
This article describes a simple method to fabricate vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays by CVD and to subsequently tune their wetting properties by exposing them to vacuum annealing or dry oxidation treatment.
06:20
Proper Operation of Vacuum Based Equipment
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2023
Source: Robert M. Rioux, Ajay Sathe & Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA Vacuum is required for a number of laboratory procedures. This is most routinely achieved in the laboratory by the use of vacuum pumps. In addition to working at low pressures, vacuum pumps can also be used to enable rapid changing of the atmospheres in a reactor or flask by evacuation and backfilling.
01:30
Dry Friction
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2023
Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible. To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
01:21
Drying Shrinkage
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2024
When hardened concrete is exposed to air with a relative humidity of less than 100 percent, it begins to lose the free water within its capillaries. As this water evaporates, the water initially adsorbed onto the calcium silicate hydrates migrates towards these now empty spaces and eventually evaporates as well. Over time, as more water leaves, the volume of the concrete decreases, a phenomenon known as drying shrinkage. A portion of this drying shrinkage can be reversed; if the concrete is...
03:03
Inoculating a Bacterial Pathogen into Arabidopsis Leaves via Vacuum Infiltration
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2026
Source: Rufián, J. S., et.al. Single-Cell Analysis of the Expression of Pseudomonas syringae Genes within the Plant Tissue. J. Vis. Exp. (2022)This video demonstrates a vacuum infiltration method to introduce a bacterial pathogen into Arabidopsis plant leaves. The approach uses a prepared bacterial suspension and vacuum pulses to enable uniform entry through stomata, resulting in controlled leaf infection.
FAQs
Reducing pressure changes the vaporization conditions at the material surface: the liquid can boil at a lower temperature, so evaporation can proceed with less thermal exposure. This is especially important when a product or component could degrade, oxidize, or undergo structural changes if heated to the temperatures associated with atmospheric drying.
The outcome depends on the combined selection of pressure, temperature, drying time, and material properties rather than on pressure alone. These variables determine how readily moisture or another volatile solvent evaporates and how much thermal exposure the material receives. Process design therefore balances removal requirements against possible degradation or unwanted structural change.
Compared with drying at atmospheric pressure, vacuum drying can achieve solvent or moisture removal at a lower temperature. That distinction gives engineers a way to limit heat-related damage and oxidation in sensitive products. It does not eliminate the need for process control, because material properties and selected pressure, temperature, and time still influence the result.
The vacuum system removes vapor from the drying chamber, helping maintain the reduced pressure needed for evaporation. Its function links chamber conditions to the separation process: if vapor is not removed, the intended pressure environment becomes harder to sustain, reducing control over drying conditions and potentially affecting the final material quality.
A practical design sequence is to characterize material properties, select suitable pressure and temperature conditions, establish an appropriate drying time, and provide a vacuum system to remove vapor from the chamber. Engineers then judge the process by whether moisture or solvent is removed while limiting thermal degradation, oxidation, or unwanted structural change.
Vacuum drying is particularly relevant when engineering materials are porous, moisture-sensitive, or vulnerable to heat-related changes. It can also support processing of pharmaceuticals, foods, and chemicals when controlled removal of moisture or solvents is required. Its main engineering value is the ability to tailor pressure, temperature, and time to the material’s stability.