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<ol>
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	<li>Kim KH, Son JM, Benayoun BA, Lee C. The mitochondrial-encoded peptide MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus to regulate nuclear gene expression in response to metabolic stress. Cell Metab. 2018;28(3):516-24.e7.</li>
	<li>Li J, et al. A mitochondria-to-nucleus regulation mediated by the nuclear-translocated mitochondrial lncRNAs. PLoS Genet. 2025;21(1):e1011580.</li>
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	<li>Nakai R, et al. Mitochondria transfer-based therapies reduce the morbidity and mortality of Leigh syndrome. Nat Metab. 2024;6(10):1886-96.</li>
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	<li>Cabrera F, et al. Early evidence of the artificial transfer/transplant of mitochondria to oocytes and zygotes by MitoCeption. Mitochondrion. 2022;65:102-12.</li>
	<li>Masuzawa A, et al. Transplantation of autologously derived mitochondria protects the heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2013;304(7):H966-82.</li>
	<li>Wilson-Fritch L, et al. Mitochondrial biogenesis and remodeling during adipogenesis and in response to the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone. Mol Cell Biol. 2003;23(3):1085-94.</li>
	<li>Kim JS, Lee S, Kim WK, Han BS. Mitochondrial transplantation: an overview of a promising therapeutic approach. BMB Rep. 2023;56(9):488-95.</li>
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	<li>Brestoff JR, et al. Intercellular mitochondria transfer to macrophages regulates white adipose tissue homeostasis and is impaired in obesity. Cell Metab. 2021;33(2):270-82.e8.</li>
	<li>Tiash S, Brestoff JR, Crewe C. A guide to studying mitochondria transfer. Nat Cell Biol. 2023;25(11):1551-3.</li>
	<li>Hole KL, et al. MitoTracker transfers from astrocytes to neurons independently of mitochondria. Cell Rep Methods. 2026;6(3):101338.</li>
	<li>Chen C, Li H, Zhang J, Cheng SC. Exploring the limitations of mitochondrial dye as a genuine horizontal mitochondrial transfer surrogate. Commun Biol. 2024;7(1):281.</li>
</ol>

<table><tbody><tr><td>100 mm plate</td><td>SPL Life Science</td><td>10101SPL</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10x Tris/Glycine Buffer</td><td>BioRad</td><td>1610734</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>12 mm glass coverslips</td><td>Marienfeld</td><td>111520</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>12-well plate</td><td>SPL Life Science</td><td>30012SPL</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>16% Paraformaldehyde Aqueous Solution</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>28908</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18 mm glass coverslips</td><td>HART</td><td>-</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24-well plate</td><td>SPL Life Science</td><td>30024SPL</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3,3',5-Triiodo-L-thyronine sodium salt (T3)</td><td>Sigma</td><td>T6397</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)</td><td>Calbiochem</td><td>410957</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>30% Acrylamide/Bis Solution, 37.5:1</td><td>BioRad</td><td>1610158</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>35 mm plate</td><td>SPL Life Science</td><td>20035SPL</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6-well plate</td><td>SPL Life Science</td><td>30006SPL</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>60 mm culture dish</td><td>SPL Life Science</td><td>20060SPL</td><td>Utilizzato per esperimenti con preadipociti primari e DNA/qPCR; fornitore/catalogo non fornito</td></tr><tr><td>AccuRuler RGB Plus Pre-stained Protein Ladder</td><td>Maestrogen</td><td>02102-250</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ACK lysing buffer</td><td>Gibco</td><td>A10492-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Actrapid 100 UI/mL (Insulin)</td><td>Novo Nordisk</td><td>A10AB01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ADP</td><td>Merck</td><td>117105</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Agarose</td><td>FERMELO BIOTEC</td><td>FER00AL200G</td><td>Utilizzato per la verifica dell'integrità dell'RNA; fornitore/catalogo non fornito</td></tr><tr><td>Ammonium Persulfate</td><td>BioRad</td><td>1610700</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody</td><td>Cell Signaling</td><td>7074</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anti-rat IgG, HRP-linked Antibody</td><td>Cell Signaling</td><td>7077</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Antibiotic-antimycotic</td><td>Gibco</td><td>15240062</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Axio Observer inverted microscope stand</td><td>Carl Zeiss</td><td>431007-9901-000</td><td>Aggiunto da Metodi Supplementari</td></tr><tr><td>BCA Protein Assay Kit</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>D49328</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>BD Cytometer Setup and Tracking beads</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>-</td><td>Aggiunto da Metodi Supplementari; catalogo non fornito</td></tr><tr><td>BD FACSDiva Software v8.0.3</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>-</td><td>Aggiunto da Metodi Supplementari</td></tr><tr><td>BD LSRFortessa X-20 cell analyzer</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>-</td><td>Voce esistente standardizzata per corrispondere al file supplementare</td></tr><tr><td>BioRender</td><td>BioRender</td><td>-</td><td>Utilizzato per creare il flusso di lavoro della Figura 1</td></tr><tr><td>Blotting-grade blocker</td><td>BioRad</td><td>170-6404</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>BODIPY 493/503</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>D3922</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)</td><td>Sigma</td><td>A1470</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CaCl2</td><td>Calbiochem</td><td>208291</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>4374966</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cell Strainer 100 µm, nylon</td><td>Falcon</td><td>352360</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cell Strainer 40 µm, nylon</td><td>Falcon</td><td>352340</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Collagenase type II</td><td>Gibco</td><td>17101-015</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dexamethasone</td><td>Sigma</td><td>D4902</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DMEM Powder, High Glucose, Pyruvate</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>12800017</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DMEM/F-12, no phenol red</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>21041025</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DMEM/F-12, powder</td><td>Gibco</td><td>12500062</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DMSO</td><td>Sigma</td><td>D8418</td><td>Solvente per il mezzo di induzione; fornitore/catalogo non fornito</td></tr><tr><td>EMBed-812 EMBEDDING KIT (Epon)</td><td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td><td>14120</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ethanol absolute</td><td>Merck</td><td>100983</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt (EGTA)</td><td>Merck</td><td>324626</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>FAST SYBR MASTER MIX</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>4385612</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>FCCP</td><td>Sigma</td><td>C2920</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fetal bovine serum</td><td>Capricorn Scientific</td><td>BS-16A</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Floreada.io</td><td>Floreada.io</td><td>-</td><td>Software di analisi di citometria a flusso</td></tr><tr><td>Fluoromount-G</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>7984-25</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>GAPDH Antibody</td><td>Santa Cruz</td><td>sc-32233</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Glucose</td><td>Gibco</td><td>15023-021</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Glutamate</td><td>Sigma</td><td>G1626</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Glutaraldehyde 25% Aqueous Solution</td><td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td><td>16210</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>62-6520</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>GraphPad Prism v10.6.1</td><td>GraphPad Software</td><td>-</td><td>Software di analisi statistica/regressione logaritmica</td></tr><tr><td>Halt Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail 100X</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>78442</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>HEPES</td><td>Biological Industries</td><td>41-122-100</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Histone H3 (1G1)</td><td>Santa Cruz</td><td>sc-517576</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hoechst 33342</td><td>Life Technologies</td><td>H3570</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ImageJ v1.54s</td><td>NIH</td><td>-</td><td>Software di analisi delle immagini delle gocce lipidiche</td></tr><tr><td>Immun-Blot PVDF Membrane</td><td>BioRad</td><td>1620177</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Indomethacin</td><td>Sigma</td><td>I7378</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Insulin syringe</td><td>Cranberry</td><td>AAJECIN3</td><td>Utilizzato per l'omogeneizzazione cellulare; fornitore/catalogo non fornito</td></tr><tr><td>KCl</td><td>Calbiochem</td><td>529552</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>KH2PO4</td><td>Calbiochem</td><td>529568</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>KHCO3</td><td>Sigma</td><td>60339</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>LAMP-1 Antibody</td><td>Abcam</td><td>ab25245</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lane Marker Reducing Sample Buffer</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>39000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Malate</td><td>Sigma</td><td>M1000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MgCl2</td><td>Calbiochem</td><td>208291</td><td>Componente della soluzione per il test mitocondriale; fornitore/catalogo non

trasferimento mitocondriale esogeno negli adipociti marroni differenzianti e nei preadipociti carenti di agpat2

Exogenous Mitochondrial Transfer in Differentiating Brown Adipocytes and AGPAT2-Deficient Preadipocytes

Trasferimento mitocondriale esogeno negli adipociti marroni differenzianti e nei preadipociti carenti di AGPAT2

Mitochondria are key signaling hubs; however, whether mitochondrial mass expansion is mechanistically required for differentiation remains an open ...

exogenous-mitochondrial-transfer-differentiating-brown-adipocytes

Research

Ricerca

JoVE Journal

Biology

Biologia

Primarie preadipociti bianchi isolati dal tessuto adiposo bianco nei topi possono essere differenziate in cellule del beige / brite. Presentato qui è un sistema affidabile modello cellulare per studiare la regolazione molecolare della "doratura" di grasso bianco.

Isolamento e la differenziazione di cellule stromali vascolari alle celle Beige / Brite

Qui, un protocollo (MitoCeption) viene presentato per trasferire i mitocondri, isolato dalle cellule staminali mesenchimali umane (MSC), alle cellule staminali di glioblastoma (GSC), con l'obiettivo di studiare i loro effetti biologici sul metabolismo e le funzioni di GSC. Un protocollo simile può essere atto a trasferire mitocondri tra altri tipi di cellule.

MitoCeption: Trasferimento isolato umana MSC mitocondri di Glioblastoma cellule staminali

Questo rapporto descrive un protocollo per l'isolamento simultaneo dei preadipociti primari marroni e bianchi dai topi appena nati. Le cellule isolate possono essere coltivate in coltura e indotte a differenziarsi in adipociti bianchi e marroni completamente maturi. Il metodo consente la caratterizzazione genetica, molecolare e funzionale delle cellule adipose primarie in coltura.

Isolamento e differenziazione dei preadipociti bianchi e marroni primari dai topi appena nati

Questo studio descrive un nuovo metodo per isolare gli adipociti bruni murini per l'analisi dell'espressione genica e proteica.

Isolamento di adipociti bruni da tessuto adiposo bruno interscapolare murino per l'analisi dell'espressione genica e proteica

Imaging funzionale e quantificazione di depositi adiposi termogenici nei topi utilizzando un approccio basato sull'imaging micro-PET/MR.

Visualizzazione e quantificazione dei tessuti adiposi marroni e beige nei topi utilizzando [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging

I preadipociti sono isolati dalla frazione vascolare stromale del tessuto adiposo bruno interscapolare di topi neonati e differenziati in cellule che accumulano goccioline lipidiche, esprimono marcatori molecolari e mostrano la morfologia mitocondriale degli adipociti bruni maturi. Queste cellule vengono ulteriormente analizzate mediante immunofluorescenza e microscopia elettronica a trasmissione.

Differenziazione e imaging di adipociti marroni dalla frazione vascolare stromale del tessuto adiposo interscapolare da topi neonati

Questo protocollo descrive l'isolamento semi-automatico della frazione vascolare stromale (SVF) dal tessuto adiposo murino per ottenere preadipociti e ottenere la differenziazione degli adipociti in vitro. L'uso di un dissociatore tissutale per la digestione della collagenasi riduce la variazione sperimentale e aumenta la riproducibilità.

Isolamento semi-automatico della frazione vascolare stromale dal tessuto adiposo bianco murino mediante un dissociatore tissutale

Fate mappatura genetica inducibile (GIFM) segna e cellule brani con fini di controllo spaziale e...

Un approccio pratico alla mappatura genetica Destino inducibile: una guida visiva a Mark e Pista Cellule In Vivo</em

Visualizzazione RNA localizzazione in Xenopus Gli oociti

Qui riportiamo protocolli per rilevare proteine centromero-cinetocore endogene ed esogene nelle cellule umane e quantificare questi livelli di proteine a centromeri-cinetocori mediante colorazione immunofluorescente indiretta attraverso l'uso di fissazione (paraformaldeide, acetone o metanolo).

Le proteine ​​immunofluorescenza di endogeni ed esogeni Centromere-cinetocoro

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.  I mitocondri esogeni di origine umana e murina possono essere interiorizzati differenziando i preadipociti e monitorati durante la differenziazione adipogenica utilizzando strumenti di imaging e genetici. Sebbene questi mitocondri interagiscano fisicamente con la rete mitocondriale endogena, non aumentano l'espressione dei marcatori associati agli adipociti bruni maturi.

Trasferimento mitocondriale esogeno negli adipociti marroni differenzianti e nei preadipociti carenti di AGPAT2

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