Question 1

What is the main purpose of preparing a trial balance?

Accepted Answer

A trial balance verifies that total debits equal total credits in the ledger accounts at the end of an accounting period. This mathematical equality confirms the integrity of the double-entry accounting system. By listing all account balances in debit and credit columns, accountants ensure that transactions have been recorded accurately and that the accounting records are in balance.

Question 2

How do you prepare a trial balance?

Accepted Answer

To prepare a trial balance, list all ledger account titles and their balances in the appropriate debit or credit column. Then total both columns separately. Finally, verify that the debit column total equals the credit column total. If the totals match, the trial balance is balanced, confirming that debits and credits are equal.

Question 3

What errors can a trial balance detect?

Accepted Answer

A trial balance detects errors when debits and credits are not equal, such as missing or incorrectly posted transactions. If Daily Mart records only a debit without the corresponding credit, the trial balance will not match, signaling an error. Unequal column totals indicate that a transaction was omitted or posted incorrectly.

Question 4

What errors can a trial balance NOT detect?

Accepted Answer

A trial balance cannot detect errors when equal debits and credits are recorded in the wrong accounts or when transactions are completely omitted from the journal. It also misses offsetting errors where two mistakes cancel each other out, or when a correct entry is posted twice. A balanced trial balance only proves mathematical equality, not accuracy of account classification.

Question 5

Why is debit and credit equality important in accounting?

Accepted Answer

Debit and credit equality is fundamental to the double-entry accounting system. When a transaction increases one account, it must equally decrease another, maintaining balance. This principle ensures that the accounting equation remains intact and that financial records reflect the true financial position of the business at any point in time.

Question 6

What does it mean if a trial balance does not balance?

Accepted Answer

If debit and credit column totals are not equal, it indicates a potential error in the accounting records. This could result from a missing transaction, an incorrectly posted entry, or a posting error. The accountant must investigate and correct the discrepancy before proceeding with financial statement preparation.

Question 7

Can a balanced trial balance guarantee that all transactions are recorded correctly?

Accepted Answer

No. A balanced trial balance only proves that equal debits and credits are posted; it does not guarantee that all transactions are correctly recorded or that no errors exist. Transactions may be journalized in incorrect accounts, omitted entirely, or posted twice, yet the trial balance could still balance if offsetting errors occur.

試算表