沸点

Students must wear a lab coat, chemical splash goggles, and gloves before beginning work. These items protect against solvent exposure and potential chemical splashes during the experiment. Ensure all equipment is properly fitted and in good condition before starting the lab session.

Label glass bottles with solvent names, then transfer smaller volumes from stock bottles into labeled containers, allocating approximately 1 mL per student group. Place prepared solvent bottles in a communal hood to ensure proper ventilation and safety during the experiment.

Each station requires two 1-mL volumetric pipettes for precise liquid measurement and two glass test tubes for holding samples during heating. Additional glassware includes a 250-mL beaker and a 25-mL beaker for preparation and mixing tasks. These tools enable accurate volume control and safe handling of liquids.

Glass capillary tubes are essential for observing boiling behavior at the microscopic scale during solvent heating. Three to four tubes per station allow students to monitor solvent boiling points accurately and safely while minimizing sample volume requirements and enabling precise temperature observations.

Each student pair needs a hotplate for controlled heating, a lab jack to adjust sample height, and a lab stand with a medium 3-prong clamp to secure test tubes during the experiment. A rubber band provides additional stability for glassware during heating and temperature measurement.

A digital thermometer measures the temperature at which solvents transition from liquid to vapor during heating. Position the thermometer bulb at the level of the boiling liquid inside the test tube to record accurate boiling point values for acetone and ethanol samples.

Arrange each station with a hotplate, lab stand, and clamp in a logical sequence for safe heating and observation. Include a pipette bulb for solvent transfer and ensure adequate spacing between stations. This organization allows pairs to work independently while maintaining safety and preventing cross-contamination.