統合失調症の陽性症状：幻覚と妄想

The positive symptoms of schizophrenia involve an excess or distortion of normal functions. Hallucinations and delusions are among these positive symptoms.

Hallucinations create false sensory experiences without external stimuli. Auditory hallucinations are more common, followed by visual hallucinations.

Auditory hallucination involves hearing voices frequently criticizing or commenting on an individual's thoughts and actions. These voices sometimes command the person to act, such as confronting someone, which can heighten the risk of violent behavior.

Visual hallucinations are seeing things that are not present. While less common, hallucinations affect the senses of smell, taste, or touch.

Delusions involve fixed, false, and sometimes magical beliefs contradicting reality or cultural norms.

They are a severe distortion of reality. For example, a delusional individual might believe they are God or think their thoughts are being broadcasted on the radio.

Psychology and psychiatry typically do not classify cultural beliefs, like divine visions or communication with a deity, as delusions.