Author Spotlight: Exploring Strategies for Successful Immune Response Against Tumors

The scope of our research is to study the mechanisms of response or resistance in standard of care immunotherapies. Our lab is trying to understand what drives a successful immune response against tumors, and if we can identify these predictors of therapy to find targets that can overcome resistance. The biggest advancement in recent years has been the development and integration of single-cell RNA sequencing techniques.

They enable us in real time to systematically study molecular features in individual cells in an unbiased manner, which is helpful in the dissection of these complex and evolving tumor ecosystems. While many preclinical models are being used to study the response mechanisms to immunotherapy, we still don’t know the immunological determinants that are important in human immunity. Processing and analyzing patient samples in real time is crucial to our ability to investigate all cellular compartments within a given tumor.

Using unbiased genomic and transcriptomic techniques, our lab discovered that defects in the antigen presentation machinery are associated with immunotherapy resistance in melanoma. More recently, using single-cell approaches, we discovered unique T cell states and myeloid cell polarities associated with patient outcomes in melanoma and head neck cancer, respectively. The biggest advantage of our protocol lies in its simplicity.

It is a universal protocol adjusted for the dissociation of small and large tumor specimens from multiple types of cancers in a short period of time, ending in the generation of highly-viable, single-cell suspensions.