집중 의존성
At the end of this lab, students should know...
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Q1: How do you prepare a 0.2 M sodium thiosulfate solution in the lab?
Weigh 37.227 g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and transfer it into a 1-L volumetric flask using a powder funnel. Add 600 mL of deionized water, stir until homogeneous, then add 150 mL more water and continue stirring. Once fully dissolved and mixed, transfer the solution to a labeled 750-mL bottle for storage.
Q2: What is the correct procedure for diluting concentrated HCl to 6 M?
Measure 174 mL of 12.1 M HCl using a graduated cylinder and pour it into a 500-mL Erlenmeyer flask. Slowly add 176 mL of deionized water to the acid, never the reverse. Stir with a magnetic stir bar until homogeneous, then transfer to a labeled 500-mL bottle for storage in the instructor's hood.
Q3: Why must sodium thiosulfate and HCl solutions be prepared in a fume hood?
HCl is toxic and highly corrosive, while sodium thiosulfate is an irritant. Preparing these solutions in a fume hood protects students from harmful vapors and chemical exposure. Additionally, sulfur dioxide gas evolves from product mixtures during the experiment, requiring continued fume hood use and overnight ventilation.
Q4: What equipment should be set up at each fume hood for student pairs?
Each station requires a stir plate with support stand, test tube with X label, magnetic stir bar, beakers (50 mL, 100 mL, 600 mL), graduated cylinders, volumetric flasks and pipettes, watch glasses, thermometer, timer, clamps, forceps, and lab tape. This setup enables students to safely conduct concentration-dependent experiments with proper measurement and mixing capabilities.
Q5: How should waste materials be handled after the concentration dependence experiment?
Neutralize acid waste according to lab protocols and collect sodium thiosulfate waste in a designated container. Leave neutralized waste in the fume hood overnight to allow sulfur dioxide gas to evolve. After at least 12 hours, flush the liquid down the drain and dispose of solid sulfur and baking soda in the lab trash.
Q6: What safety precautions should be taken before preparing solutions?
Put on a lab coat, splash-proof safety glasses, and nitrile gloves before beginning. Obtain a waste container for aqueous sodium thiosulfate in advance and fill a 250-mL wash bottle with deionized water near the waste container. These precautions protect against chemical splashes and provide immediate access to water for emergencies.