Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive method for measuring brain activity with millisecond temporal resolution. In addition to conventional superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-MEG systems, recent advances in optically pumped magnetometer (OPM)-MEG technologies are expanding the scope of MEG research. MEG plays an increasingly important role in neuroscience. Despite its increasing adoption, MEG experiments involve complex methodological considerations, including experimental design, sensor-level preprocessing, source localization, artifact rejection, and multimodal data integration. These technical complexities present challenges for methodological standardization and reproducibility across laboratories.

This Topical Collection aims to highlight recent methodologies across diverse MEG-based applications and provide practical guidance for researchers through detailed visual protocols. The collection will include experimental setup, data acquisition, preprocessing pipelines, source reconstruction, and emerging analytical approaches.