5-getallensamenvatting

The 5-number summary of a dataset includes the minimum value, the first quartile, the median or second quartile, the third quartile, and the maximum value.

For example, consider the number of donuts sold every month in a small shop.

First, rearrange the data from lower to higher values to determine the minimum and maximum donuts sold each month. The median represents the second quartile.

Using the formula, the first and the third quartile are calculated to determine all five components of a 5-number summary.

This represents an overview image of the dataset; each value describes a specific part of the data: the median identifies the center, the upper and lower quartiles span the middle half, and the highest and lowest observations explain the actual data dispersion.

The 5-number summary is visually represented using a boxplot. It allows one to easily spot outliers, the spread, and the range of data.