Elektromagnetische golven

Consider a static electric charge. It creates a stationary electric field around it. When the charge starts moving, a magnetic field is additionally produced orthogonal to the direction of the moving charge.

If a moving charge accelerates by oscillating about a point, the electric field around it also starts oscillating.

According to Ampere-Maxwell's law, this time-varying electric field produces a displacement current, which induces another time-varying magnetic field perpendicular to the electric field.

From Faraday's law, a time-varying magnetic field, in turn, produces an electric field, and this process continues.

The sequential induction of both fields results in self-sustaining electric and magnetic fields in regions farther away from where they originated.

These fields propagate through space, creating electromagnetic waves that do not require a medium to sustain this motion.

The electromagnetic waves produced have the same frequency as the oscillation frequency of the accelerated electric charge.

These waves are transverse, as the constituent electric and magnetic fields oscillate perpendicular to and in phase with each other and are also perpendicular to the direction of propagation.