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The renal corpuscle comprises a cluster of capillaries known as the glomerulus and the glomerular or Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus.

The glomerular capillaries feature a fenestrated endothelium with many pores, leading to high permeability.

This permeability allows the transfer of a solute-rich fluid from the blood into the Bowman's capsule, creating a filtrate that forms the base for urine.

The Bowman's capsule has two layers — an outer parietal layer and an inner visceral layer.

The parietal layer, composed of simple squamous epithelium, provides structural support to the capsule but does not participate in filtrate creation.

The visceral layer consists of modified simple squamous epithelial cells called podocytes. These cells have pedicels — extended foot processes — that attach to the basement membrane of the glomerulus.

The filtrate enters the capsular space within the Bowman's capsule through filtration slits between the foot processes.

The capsular space extends into the lumen of the renal tubule, where the filtrate is further processed to form urine.