Appendicitis II: Diagnostische studies en behandeling

Diagnosing appendicitis begins with a physical assessment to evaluate pain location, duration, and symptoms.

Laboratory tests, including complete blood count, reveal leukocytosis, while elevated C-reactive protein levels suggest inflammation.

Additionally, imaging studies such as ultrasounds visualize the inflamed appendix, and CT scans detect abnormalities like a distended appendix or appendicolith.

Next, management may involve antibiotics and pain control for uncomplicated cases, whereas surgery, typically via laparoscopic or open appendectomy, is the standard approach.

Preoperative nursing care includes keeping the patient NPO, monitoring vital signs, and administering prescribed medications.

Postoperative care includes providing a high Fowler position and administering analgesics to reduce pain. Early ambulation is encouraged to minimize risks such as atelectasis.

Once bowel sounds are present, fluids and food are provided as tolerated, and intake and output are closely monitored.

Lastly, discharge instructions include follow-up appointments, incision care, and activity restrictions, including avoiding heavy lifting for 2-6 weeks.