Growth versus fixed mindset

Mindset refers to the way an individual's beliefs about ability influence the goals they set, what they believe they can learn, and ultimately, what they do learn.

Individuals generally possess one of two mindsets: a fixed mindset or a growth mindset.

Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their qualities are carved in stone and cannot change. They view failure as a sign of limited ability—for example, a student who fails a test might think, “I’m just not smart,” and give up.

In contrast, individuals with a growth mindset believe their qualities can change and improve through effort. They view failure as an indication of what they still need to learn. For example, a student who fails a test might think, “How can I improve next time?”

Effective strategies for developing a growth mindset include believing that intelligence and skills are not fixed and can grow through consistent effort.

A second strategy is developing a passion for learning and changing approaches during challenging situations.

A third strategy is learning from individuals who have a growth mindset.

Another strategy is consciously shifting one’s mindset by beginning and committing to change now.