Method Article

Uitgebreide analyse van de samenstelling van nanodeeltjes-polymeer Composites Met behulp van Direct Fluorescence Imaging

DOI:

10.3791/54178

July 19th, 2016

In This Article

Summary

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Here we present a reliable method to monitor the incorporation of nanoparticles into a polymer host matrix via swell encapsulation. We show that the surface concentration of cadmium selenide quantum dots can be accurately visualized through cross-sectional fluorescence imaging.

Abstract

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The fabrication of polymer-nanoparticle composites is extremely important in the development of many functional materials. Identifying the precise composition of these materials is essential, especially in the design of surface catalysts, where the surface concentration of the active component determines the activity of the material. Antimicrobial materials which utilize nanoparticles are a particular focus of this technology. Recently swell encapsulation has emerged as a technique for inserting antimicrobial nanoparticles into a host polymer matrix. Swell encapsulation provides the advantage of localizing the incorporation to the external surfaces of materials, which act as the active sites of these materials. However, quantification of this nanoparticle uptake is challenging. Previous studies explore the link between antimicrobial activity and surface concentration of the active component, but this is not directly visualized. Here we show a reliable method to monitor the incorporation of nanoparticles into a polymer host matrix via swell encapsulation. We show that the surface concentration of CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles can be accurately visualized through cross-sectional fluorescence imaging. Using this method, we can quantify the uptake of nanoparticles via swell encapsulation and measure the surface concentration of encapsulated particles, which is key in optimizing the activity of functional materials.

Introduction

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De toepassing van nanomaterialen is al lang gediend als een gebied van toenemende belangstelling voor nieuwe technologieën. 03/01 Dit heeft het toenemende gebruik van nanodeeltjes in alledaagse voorwerpen, waaronder cosmetica, kleding, verpakkingen en elektronica inbegrepen. 4-6 Een belangrijk station in de richting van het gebruik van nanodeeltjes in functionele materialen voort uit hun hogere reactiviteit ten opzichte van de materialen, naast de mogelijkheid om af te stemmen eigenschappen door het variëren van de deeltjesgrootte. 7 Een ander voordeel is de mogelijkheid om gemakkelijk vormen composietmaterialen introduceren ....

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Protocol

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1. Bereiding van CdSe / ZnS Core / Shell Quantum Dots

  1. Bereiding van de trioctylfosfine (TOP) -Se oplossing
    1. Bereid een 0,5 M oplossing van seleen in TOP door mengen van de geschikte hoeveelheid Se in TOP in een Schlenk kolf onder stikstof of in een glovebox (8 ml nodig per reactie, kenmerkend 0,4 g opgelost in 10 ml TOP).
    2. Roer het mengsel om de Se ontbinden gedurende 1 uur, wat resulteert in een grijze oplossing van het TOP-Se complex.
    3. Zorg ervoor dat de oplossing wordt dan vries-pomp-ontdooi 5 keer ontgast. De resulterende stock oplossing kan onder stikstof worden bewaard gedurende 3 maanden.

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Results

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De kwantumdots vertoonde rode fluorescentie met een lambda max van ongeveer 600 nm. 22,28 De rode emissie veroorzaakt door de opsluiting van de exciton door het kwantum stang waarvan de afmetingen liggen binnen de volledige opsluiting regime. Li et al. Toonden aan dat quantum staven, de emissie verschuift naar lagere energie met een toename in zowel de breedte of lengte van de staaf. Zij toonden verder dat de emissie voornamelijk bepaald door de laterale begrenzing, d.......

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Discussion

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Cross-sectional fluorescence imaging allows for direct visualization of nanoparticles during swell encapsulation. The kinetics of encapsulation has been shown, with the drive toward a high nanoparticle surface concentration demonstrated. The extent of nanoparticle incorporation is shown to vary with swell encapsulation time (described in section 2.3), with the total amount of incorporated nanoparticles increasing as this time is extended, with the particle concentration localized at the surface if the polymer samples are.......

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Disclosures

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

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C.R.C. would like to acknowledge the Ramsay Memorial Trust for funding.

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Materials

List of materials used in this article
NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
Polydimethylsiloxane sheetsNuSil-Medical Grade
OleylamineSigma AldrichO7805Technical Grade
TrioctylphosphineSigma Aldrich117854Technical Grade
Trioctylphosphine oxideSigma Aldrich346187Technical Grade
1-OctadeceneSigma AldrichO806Technical Grade
Zinc diethyldithiocarbamateSigma Aldrich329703-
Oleic acidSigma Aldrich364525Technical Grade
TriethylamineSigma Aldrich471283-
Cadmium oxideAlfa Aesar33235-
HexadecylamineAlfa AesarB22459Technical Grade
1-Dodecylphosphonic acidAlfa AesarH26259-
Selenium powderAcros19807-
ChloroformSigma Aldrich366919-
n-HexaneSigma Aldrich208752-
Microscope slidesVWR631-0137Thickness No. 1

References

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  1. Pumera, M. Graphene-based nanomaterials and their electrochemistry. Chem. Soc. Rev. 39 (11), 4146-4157 (2010).
  2. Zhang, Q., Uchaker, E., Candelaria, S. L., Cao, G. Nanomaterials for energy conversion and storage. Chem. Soc. Rev. 42 (7), 3127-3171 (2013).
  3. Tong, H., Ouyang, S....

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Tags

Nanoparticle polymer CompositesDirect Fluorescence ImagingSwell EncapsulationCross sectional FluorescenceFluorescence MicroscopyQuantum Dot QuantificationPolymer Matrix AnalysisSurface Concentration MeasurementLifetime Fluorescence MeasurementsPhotoluminescence Spectroscopy

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