| 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining solution | Beyotime | C0651 | TTC staining |
| 3MM Filter Paper | Whatman, UK | 3030861 | Western blot transfer |
| AKT Antibody | Affinity | AF0836 | Primary antibody |
| Acetone | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. | 10000418 | Infiltration of electron microscopy specimens |
| Adobe Illustrator | Adobe Inc. | Version 29.5 (64-bit), https://www.adobe.com/products/illustrator.html | 64-bit version, used for graphic editing and scientific figure preparation |
| Anhydrous ethanol | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. | 100092683 | Deparaffinization of paraffin sections |
| Anti-fade mounting medium | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C1020 | coverslipping |
| BCA Protein Assay Kit | MDL | MD913053 | Protein concentration determination |
| Bluishing solution | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C2104 | Hematoxylin staining |
| Chemiluminescence Imaging System | CLINX, China | ChemiScope6100 | System Detect target protein |
| Concentrated normal goat serum | Boster Biological Technology | AR1009 | serum blocking |
| DAPI | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C1030 | nuclear staining |
| Diamond Knife | Daitome | Ultra 45° | Slice ultrathin specimens |
| Differentiation solution | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C2104 | HE staining |
| Drying Oven | Tianjin Labory Instruments Equipment Co., Ltd. | GFL-230 | Bake fixed tissue slices |
| EDTA (pH 9.0) antigen retrieval solution | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C1052 | Antigen retrieval |
| Electron microscopy fixative | ASPEN | AS1063 | Fixation of electron microscopy specimens |
| Electrophoresis Power Supply | Longfang | LF-2000 | Provide electrophoresis voltage |
| Embed 812 embedding medium | SPI | 90529-77-4 | Infiltration of electron microscopy specimens |
| EndNote X9 | Clarivate Analytics (US) LLC | Version X9, https://endnote.com/ | Used for reference management and academic citation formatting |
| Freezing Stage | Wuhan Junjie Electronics Co., Ltd. | JB-L5 | Freeze frozen tissue blocks |
| GAP-43 Antibody | Affinity | Df7766 | Primary antibody |
| GAPDH Antibody | Affinity | AF7021 | Primary antibody |
| GDNF Antibody | Biosynthesis | Bs-1024r | Primary antibody |
| Glacial acetic acid | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C2138 | Nissl staining |
| Glass Slides and Coverslips | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. | 10212432C | Mount tissue sections |
| GraphPad Prism | GraphPad Software, LLC | Version 10.1.2 (324) for Windows 64-bit, https://www.graphpad.com/ | 64-bit version, used for statistical analysis and scientific plotting |
| Grinding machine | Beijing Herde | N.9548 | Grind tissue samples |
| HE staining solution | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C2103 | HE staining |
| HRP-Conjugated Goat Anti-Mouse Secondary Antibody | Servicebio | C030205 | Secondary Antibody |
| HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody | SeraCare | 5220-0336 | Secondary antibody |
| Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C5101 | preparation of TSA reagents |
| IBM SPSS Statistics | IBM Corp. | Version 25, 64-bit, https://www.ibm.com/products/spss-statistics | 64-bit version, used for statistical data analysis and processing |
| Imaging System | Nikon, Japan | Nikon DS-U3 | Capture microscopic images |
| Metal Bath | COYOTE | H203-H | Constant temperature incubation |
| Microwave Oven | Galanz Microwave Electrical Appliance Co., Ltd. | P70D20TL-P4 | Antigen retrieval |
| NC Membrane (0.22 μm) | GVS, USA | ISEQ00010 | Protein blot transfer |
| Neutral balsam | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. | 10004160 | dehydration and coverslipping |
| PBS buffer | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C0003 | decolorization and washing |
| PI3K Antibody | Affinity | AF6241 | Primary antibody |
| PSD-95 Antibody | Affinity | Af5283 | Primary antibody |
| Pathological Microtome | Leica Instruments (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | RM2016 | Cut paraffin sections |
| Phospho-AKT Antibody | Affinity | Af0832 | Primary antibody |
| Phospho-PI3K Antibody | Affinity | Af3241 | Primary antibody |
| Pipette | Dragonlab | KE0003087/KA0056573 | Quantitative liquid transfer |
| Protease Inhibitor Cocktail | Beyotime | P1005 | Protease inhibition |
| RIPA Lysis Buffer (Medium) | Beyotime | P0013C | Tissue lysis |
| Refrigerated Centrifuge | SEILOGEX, China | CF1524R | Low-speed sample separation |
| SDS-PAGE Electrophoresis System | Beyotime | MiniProGel™ Gel Casting, Electrophoresis and Western Blot Transfer System | Protein electrophoretic separation |
| SDS-PAGE Precast Gel Kit | MDL | MD911919 | SDS-PAGE electrophoresis |
| SYN (Synapsin) Antibody | Biosynthesis | bs-3501R | Primary antibody |
| Shaker | Qilinbeier | TS-8 | Sample oscillation washing |
| Tissue Dehydrator | Wuhan Junjie Electronics Co., Ltd. | JJ-12J | Dehydrate paraffin tissue |
| Tissue Embedding Machine | Wuhan Junjie Electronics Co., Ltd. | JB-P5 | Embed tissue in paraffin |
| Tissue Spreading Machine | Wuhan Junjie Electronics Co., Ltd. | KD-P | Unfold paraffin slices |
| Toluidine blue staining solution | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C2131 | Nissl staining |
| Transmission Electron Microscope | FEI | Tecnai G2 20 TWIN | Observe ultrastructure |
| Tri-Color Pre-Stained Broad Range Protein Molecular Weight Marker (10–180 kDa) | Servicebio | G2091 | SDS-PAGE electrophoresis |
| Tyramide-488 | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C6002 | TSA reagents |
| Tyramide-CY3 | Wuhan Baiqiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | C6003 | TSA reagents |
| Ultramicrotome | Leica | Leica UC7 | Cut ultrathin EM sections |
| Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor | |