Postpartum Haemorrhage
Postpartum Haemorrhage - Related Videos
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Fundamentals of Breeding and Weaning
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Source: Kay Stewart, RVT, RLATG, CMAR; Valerie A. Schroeder, RVT, RLATG. University of Notre Dame, IN Millions of mice and rats are bred for use in biomedical research each year. Worldwide, there are several large commercial breeding facilities that supply mice to research laboratories, but many facilities also choose to breed mice and rats in-house to reduce costs and increase research options. When breeding in the animal facility, researchers are able to manipulate the genetics of the...
FAQs
Identifying the bleeding source determines which response is most relevant. When uterine atony is present, ineffective contraction leaves the placental separation site inadequately compressed. Retained placental tissue can prevent normal uterine control, whereas genital tract trauma or clotting disorders require attention to different contributors. Distinguishing these possibilities helps clinicians tailor treatment rather than treating every case as uterine atony alone.
Uterine tone provides an important clinical clue because a uterus that contracts effectively can help control bleeding after placental separation. Reduced tone points toward atony, while assessment of the placenta and birth canal helps identify retained tissue or trauma. This distinction links bedside findings to the likely mechanism and supports selection of an appropriate intervention.
Rapid blood loss can reduce the circulation needed to maintain vital organ function. If bleeding continues, the resulting shock may contribute to organ injury and can become fatal. For this reason, clinicians assess blood loss and vital signs promptly while investigating the source. Early recognition creates an opportunity to control bleeding and provide fluid or blood replacement before deterioration advances.
Assessment should bring together blood loss, uterine tone, vital signs, and examination of the birth canal. Considering these findings as a group helps clinicians judge the severity of ongoing bleeding and investigate whether atony, retained placental tissue, trauma, or a clotting disorder is contributing. This integrated approach supports rapid treatment decisions during an obstetric emergency.
Treatment is matched to the clinical findings and may begin with uterine massage when poor contraction is contributing. Medicines that promote uterine contraction can also be used, while fluids or blood replace losses and support circulation. If bleeding persists or another source is identified, procedures may be required to control it. These measures are selected within coordinated emergency care.
Understanding the causes and warning signs supports prevention as well as rapid recognition after birth. Maternity teams can use assessment of blood loss, uterine tone, vital signs, and the birth canal to identify deterioration early. Coordinated responses then connect cause-specific treatment with circulatory support, helping reduce the risk of shock, organ injury, and death.