Question 1

Why is prone positioning used for COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure?

Accepted Answer

Prone positioning enables ventilation of a greater lung area in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, thereby improving gas exchange. It is established as a core component of management to optimize oxygenation and support patients experiencing respiratory failure from ARDS.

Question 2

What materials and foam setup are needed for prone positioning?

Accepted Answer

Four large foam squares are assembled into two large foam rolls—one placed under the anterior chest wall and one under the pelvis. Approximately seven smaller foam pieces support the hands, knees, and head. Additional cutouts are made for breasts in female patients. Pillows and blankets can be used as alternatives.

Question 3

How many team members are required to perform prone positioning safely?

Accepted Answer

A team of four personnel is required: one assistant at the head to secure the C-spine and endotracheal tube, one by the ventilator managing foam rolls and vital parameters, one by the torso managing intravenous perfusors, and one at the pelvis managing injectable medications. A fifth assistant is optional for ECMO patients or those with obesity.

Question 4

What patient preparation steps must occur before prone positioning begins?

Accepted Answer

The endotracheal tube is fixed to prevent decubitus ulcers and accidental extubation. The gastric tube is secured and checked. Eye protection with Dexpanthenol ointment is applied. Oral and nasopharyngeal secretions are suctioned. The patient is pre-oxygenated with FiO2 of 1.0, and anesthesia may be deepened with muscular relaxants if required.

Question 5

What safety precautions protect healthcare workers during prone positioning?

Accepted Answer

Full personal protective equipment, including an FFP3 protective mask, must be worn due to high risk of breathing circuit disconnection. Donning personal protective equipment before entering a patient room is essential. The team coordinates carefully to minimize exposure while managing tubes, cables, and monitoring devices throughout the procedure.

Question 6

How is the patient positioned and supported once turned prone?

Accepted Answer

The patient is rolled 90 degrees toward the ventilator, then fully prone. Foam rolls are placed under shoulders and pelvis to prevent pressure sores. The head is slightly rotated with ears, nose, and carotids free from pressure. Arms are positioned next to the body with padded venous cannulas. Lower legs rest on a pillow with knees on foam.

Question 7

How long can a patient remain in prone positioning?

Accepted Answer

Depending on clinical findings and patient response, a COVID-19 patient can remain in prone positioning for up to 24 hours. The endotracheal tube position is verified through oscillation with a stethoscope, and positioning is optimized by assistants on both sides to ensure comfort and safety throughout the duration.

COVID-19 / Epidemia koronawirusa: Jak wykonać pełne ułożenie na brzuchu u pacjentów z COVID

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