Low-Cost Electroencephalographic Recording System Combined with a Millimeter-Sized Coil to Transcranially Stimulate the Mouse Brain <em>In Vivo</em>

Takahiro Yoshikawa; Hiromu Sato; Koki Kawakatsu; Takashi Tateno

doi:10.3791/65302

Niedrogi elektroencefalograficzny system zapisu w połączeniu z cewką o rozmiarach milimetrowych d...

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Neuroscience

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JoVE Journal Neuroscience

Low-Cost Electroencephalographic Recording System Combined with a Millimeter-Sized Coil to Transcranially Stimulate the Mouse Brain In Vivo

Niedrogi elektroencefalograficzny system zapisu w połączeniu z cewką o rozmiarach milimetrowych do przezczaszkowej stymulacji mózgu myszy in vivo

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05:26 min

May 26, 2023

DOI: 10.3791/65302-v

Takahiro Yoshikawa*¹, Hiromu Sato*¹, Koki Kawakatsu¹, Takashi Tateno²

¹Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology,Hokkaido University, ²Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Division of Information Science and Technology,Hokkaido University

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Overview

This study proposes a low-cost electroencephalographic (EEG) recording system combined with a millimeter-sized coil for driving transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in vivo in mice. The system aims to advance understanding of brain activity through multi-site recordings in response to TMS, enabling researchers to explore excitability and connectivity across brain regions.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

Neuroscience
Electrophysiology
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

Background

TMS and EEG are used to study brain function non-invasively.
Simultaneous TMS-EEG measurements enhance exploration of brain dynamics.
Existing systems for small animals have limitations and require custom solutions.
This study develops a practical, adaptable system for standard labs.

Purpose of Study

To create a simultaneous stimulation measurement system for TMS-EEG in small animals.
To improve accessibility and practicality for neuroscience research.
To clarify mechanisms underlying neurological disorders using small animal models.

Methods Used

Electroencephalography (EEG) recording with a flexible multielectrode array.
Mouse model under intraperitoneal anesthesia for electrode and coil placement.
Detailed surgical and setup procedures for optimal placement of electrodes and stimulation device.
Recording and stimulation sessions using a function generator and data acquisition system.

Main Results

Successful recordings of EEG waveforms in response to sound and TMS.
Negative going responses observed post-sound stimulation, with variations based upon magnetic stimulation intensity.
Increased peak amplitudes in EEG recordings correlated with heightened stimulation.
Data illustrates the system's capability to measure brain responses during TMS.

Conclusions

The study demonstrates a practical setup for simultaneous TMS-EEG in rodents.
This methodology opens avenues for further research on cerebral mechanisms related to disorders.
Improved understanding of human neurological conditions and potential treatments is anticipated.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the advantages of this TMS-EEG setup?

The low-cost and adaptable nature of the setup makes it available for standard neuroscience labs, facilitating simultaneous measurement of brain activity during TMS.

How is the mouse model prepared for the experiment?

Mice are intraperitoneally anesthetized, and the skull is exposed to attach electrodes and appropriately place the TMS coil.

What types of outcomes are measured using this method?

The system enables recordings of EEG waveforms, capturing brain responses to both sound and magnetic stimulation.

Can the setup be adapted for other types of studies?

Yes, the described system is versatile and can be modified to suit various experimental needs in neuroscience research.

What electrical parameters are measured during the experiments?

Conductance between electrodes and connectors is measured to ensure proper electrical function before recordings begin.

What limitations should researchers consider with this setup?

Challenges may arise from the need for customization to specific experimental conditions, as well as potential variability in animal responses.

Proponuje się tani system zapisu elektroencefalograficznego w połączeniu z cewką o rozmiarach milimetrowych do napędzania przezczaszkowej stymulacji magnetycznej mózgu myszy in vivo. Korzystając z konwencjonalnych elektrod śrubowych z niestandardowym, elastycznym podłożem z matrycą wieloelektrodową, można przeprowadzić zapis w wielu miejscach z mózgu myszy w odpowiedzi na przezczaszkową stymulację magnetyczną.

W neurobiologii zapisy TMS i EEG są często wykorzystywane do pogłębiania naszego zrozumienia mózgu. TMS jest szczególnie obiecujący ze względu na swoją nieinwazyjność. Połączenie TMS z zapisem EEG umożliwia naukowcom badanie pobudliwości, łączności i dynamiki czasoprzestrzennej w różnych regionach mózgu.

Protokół ten ma na celu opracowanie systemu jednoczesnego pomiaru stymulacji do eksperymentów TMS-EEG na małych zwierzętach. System ten nie został szeroko opracowany, co zmusza badaczy do stworzenia systemu opartego na próbach i błędach zgodnie z unikalnymi wymaganiami eksperymentalnymi. To łatwe do dostosowania podejście można wdrożyć w standardowych laboratoriach neurobiologicznych, dzięki czemu jest bardziej dostępne i praktyczne dla badaczy.

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