Name: brick wall supports for doors and windows
Uploaded: 2024-09-12T16:16:25.000Z
Duration: 1 min 20 s
Channel: JoVE

Ao construir paredes de tijolos, as aberturas para janelas e portas precisam ser apoiadas com lintéis, mísulas e arcos para suportar as cargas da parede acima.
Os lintéis podem ser feitos de concreto armado ou cantoneiras de aço e são simples de instalar. Os lintéis geralmente ficam escondidos nas paredes de tijolos.
As mísulas têm capacidade limitada de abrangência e são mais usadas para pequenas aberturas ou ornamentação, às vezes como suporte de viga.
Os arcos de tijolo são uma forma estrutural amplamente utilizada e poderosa, mas sua construção requer precisão. É necessária uma centralização de madeira ou aço, e a construção de tímpanos pode ser demorada.
Os arcos de tijolos calibrados exigem que cada tijolo seja esfregado na forma da cunha necessária, tornando-os caros de construir. Os arcos ásperos dependem de juntas de argamassa em forma de cunha para sua curvatura.
Os fabricantes de tijolos podem produzir tijolos cônicos personalizados para arcos adaptados a qualquer forma e vão específicos.
Quando o arco é movido perpendicularmente ao seu plano, resulta em uma abóbada de berço e, quando o mesmo arco é girado em torno de sua linha central vertical, forma uma cúpula.

aberturas de vão em paredes de tijolos

Spanning Openings in Brick Walls

Na construção de paredes de tijolos, as estruturas de suporte são cruciais para aberturas como janelas e portas para manter a integridade e suportar o peso da parede acima. Esses suportes incluem lintéis, mísulas e arcos, cada um servindo a propósitos estruturais específicos.

Os lintéis são os principais suportes usados ​​para abranger aberturas e podem ser feitos de materiais como concreto armado, alvenaria de tijolos reforçados com aço ou ângulos de aço simples. Eles são fáceis de instalar e geralmente ficam ocultos dentro da alvenaria, tornando-os invisíveis na estrutura concluída.

As mísulas, que oferecem capacidades de extensão limitadas, são ideais para aberturas menores ou como elementos decorativos. Eles também podem servir como suportes para vigas, adicionando valor funcional e estético à estrutura.

Os arcos de tijolos representam um método mais tradicional e esteticamente agradável de abranger aberturas, mas exigem técnicas de construção precisas. Eles exigem o uso de uma estrutura temporária de madeira ou aço conhecida como centralização, que suporta a estrutura durante a construção. Arcos de tijolos calibrados envolvem moldar individualmente cada tijolo, levando a custos de construção mais altos, enquanto arcos brutos dependem de juntas de argamassa em forma de cunha para formar sua curvatura.

Para requisitos arquitetônicos personalizados, os fabricantes podem produzir tijolos cônicos projetados especificamente para arcos, acomodando vários formatos e vãos. Além disso, as adaptações arquitetônicas de arcos incluem a criação de abóbadas de berço estendendo o arco perpendicularmente ao seu plano e cúpulas girando o arco em torno de sua linha central vertical.

Aberturas de vão em paredes de tijolos

Ao construir paredes de tijolos, as aberturas para janelas e portas precisam ser apoiadas com lintéis, mísulas e arcos para suportar as cargas da parede ...

Education

JoVE Core

Civil Engineering

Engenharia Civil

Unit 1

Unidade 1

Masonry Materials

Materiais de Alvenaria

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TERMOS-CHAVE E CONCEITOS

brick wall supports for doors and windows

Brick wall supports help keep openings for doors and windows stable. These supports hold up the weight of the wall above the opening. The main options are lintels, corbels, and arches.

Lintels are the main support used to span an opening. They can be made from reinforced concrete, steel-reinforced brick masonry, or simple steel angles. Lintels are usually easy to install and are often hidden inside the brickwork, so they are not visible in the finished wall.

Corbels provide only limited spanning ability. They work well for smaller openings and can also be used as decorative features. In some cases, corbels act as supporting brackets for beams, which adds both function and visual detail.

Brick arches offer a more traditional and attractive way to span openings. They require careful building and a temporary frame called centering, which may be made of wood or steel. Gauged brick arches use individually shaped bricks and cost more, while rough arches use wedge-shaped mortar joints to form the curve. Manufacturers can also make tapered bricks for custom arch shapes and spans. Arch forms can be extended into barrel vaults by carrying the arch perpendicular to its plane, or into domes by rotating the arch around its vertical centerline.

Brick Wall Supports for Doors and Windows

brick-wall-supports-for-doors-and-windows

masonry

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Masonry uses stone and man-made units such as bricks, clay tiles, terra cotta, and concrete blocks to build structures. These units can form walls, floors, and arches. Masonry is valued for strength, durability, and a wide range of visual finishes. The units are laid in rows called coursing. Mortar, a mix of water, cement, and sand, binds the units together. Building with masonry is hands-on and can be done with basic tools. A trowel applies mortar, a hammer helps adjust placement, and levels...

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brick masonry

Brick Wall Bonds and Wythes

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brick cutting techniques

Brick Cuts for Fitting Wall Spaces

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mortar joints in brick masonry

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spanning openings in brick walls

Brick wall supports help keep openings for doors and windows stable. These supports hold up the weight of the wall above the opening. The main options are lintels, corbels, and arches. Lintels are the main support used to span an opening. They can be made from reinforced concrete, steel-reinforced brick masonry, or simple steel angles. Lintels are usually easy to install and are often hidden inside the brickwork, so they are not visible in the finished wall. Corbels provide only limited...

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Concrete Block Curing and Block Types

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key terms and concepts

Explore lintels, corbels, and brick arches used to support doors and windows in brick walls, including centering, tapered bricks, and vault forms.

Brick Wall Supports for Doors and Windows | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Civil Engineering provides a foundational exploration of essential construction materials in civil engineering, focusing on bricks, stones, steel, wood, and concrete through easy-to-understand animated videos. This collection covers the properties, manufacturing processes, and practical applications of these materials. Additionally, the accompanied science-in-action videos demonstrate the research experiments performed in laboratories.

civil engineering

Brick Wall Supports for Doors and Windows

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