Summary

Preparação de ADN de poliacrilamida reticulada-hidrogéis

Published: August 27, 2014
doi:
Please note that all translations are automatically generated. Click here for the English version.

Summary

Abstract

Introduction

Protocol

Representative Results

Discussion

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Materials

ssDNAIntegrated DNA Technologies (Coralville, Iowa)<br/>idtdna.comDo not vortex ssDNA. Gentle invert the vial and/or pipette solution to mix.
PBS with calcium and magnesiumAny brand.
100x Tris-EDTA buffer (TE buffer)Sigma-Aldrich (St. Loius, MO)<br/>sigmaldrich.comT9285
10x Tris-Borate-EDTA buffer (TBE buffer)Sigma-Aldrich (St. Loius, MO)93290TBE is a reproductive toxin.
40% Acrylamide solutionFisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA)BP14021Acrylamide is a toxin.
Ammonium persulfate (APS)Sigma-Aldrich (St. Loius, MO)A3678Prepare a 2% solution in TE buffer. APS is a toxin and irratant.
Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED)Sigma-Aldrich (St. Loius, MO)T9281Prepare a 20% solution in TE buffer. TEMED is flammable, a corrosive, and a toxin.
12 mm diameter round coverglassFisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA)<br/>fishersci.com12-545-82
Norland optical adhesive 72Norland Products (Cranbury, NJ)<br/>norlandprod.comNOA72
24-well tissue culture plateAny brand.
Microcentrifuge tubesAny brand.
Sulfo-SANPAHProteoChem or Thermo Fisher, (Rockland, IL)<br/>proteochem.com or thermofisher.comC111 or 22589Prepare a 0.315 mg/ml solution in water immediately before use. Dissolve at 37 &deg;C and filter sterilze. It is normal to observe undisolved sulfo-SANPAH in the filter. Sulfo-SANPAH is light sensitive and, therefore, the solution should be protect from light until UV exposure.
Poly-D-Lysine (PDL)Sigma-Aldrich (St. Loius, MO)P6407Prepare a 0.2 mg/ml solution in water and filter sterilize.
Collagen Type IAffymetrix (Santa Clara, CA)<br/>affymetrix.com13813Prepare a 0.2 mg/ml solution in 0.2 N acetic acid. Solution needs to remain cold at all times to avoid polymerization. Acetic acid is a flammable, toxic, and corrosive.
22 x 60 cover glassFisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA)12-544-G
Positive-displacement pipetteGilson, Inc (Middletown, WI)<br/>gilson.comF148504
Heat blockFisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA)11-718
UV light sourcePlace gels as close as possible to the UV light. UV light can cause skin or eye injury.
ThermometerAny brand.
Nitrogen gasGTS-Welco (Flemington, NJ)<br/>www.praxairmidatlantic.com/NI 5.0UH-R

References

  1. Balaban, N. Q., et al. Force and focal adhesion assembly A close relationship studied using elastic micropatterned substrates. Nat Cell Biol. 3 (5), 466-472 (2001).
  2. Peppas Brannon-Peppas, L., Peppas, N. A. Dynamic and equilibrium swelling behaviour of ph-sensitive hydrogels containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Biomaterials. 11 (9), 635-644 (1990).
  3. Charati, M. B., Ifkovits, J. L., Burdick, J. A., Linhardt, J. G., Kiick, K. L. Hydrophilic elastomeric biomaterials based on resilin-like polypeptides. Soft Matter. 5 (18), 3412-3416 (2009).
  4. Davis, K. A., Burke, K. A., Mather, P. T., Henderson, J. H. Dynamic cell behavior on shape memory polymer substrates. Biomaterials. 32 (9), 2285-2293 (2011).
  5. Dembo, M., Wang, Y. L. Stresses at the cell-to-substrate interface during locomotion of fibroblasts. Biophys J. 76 (4), 2307-2316 (1999).
  6. Gray, D. S., Tien, J., Chen, C. S. Repositioning of cells by mechanotaxis on surfaces with micropatterned youngs modulus. J Biomed Mater Res A. 66 (3), 605-614 (2003).
  7. Homma, M., Seida, Y., Nakano, Y. Effect of ions on the dynamic behavior of an electrodriven ionic polymer hydrogel membrane. Journal of applied Polymer Science. 82 (1), 76-80 (2001).
  8. Horkay, F., Tasaki, I., Basser, P. J. Osmotic swelling of polyacrylate hydrogels in physiological salt solutions. Biomacromolecules. 1 (1), 84-90 (2000).
  9. Jiang, F. X., Yurke, B., Firestein, B. L., Langrana, N. A. Neurite outgrowth on a DNA crosslinked hydrogel with tunable stiffnesses. Ann Biomed Eng. 36 (9), 1565-1579 (2008).
  10. Jiang, F. X., Yurke, B., Schloss, R. S., Firestein, B. L., Langrana, N. A. Effect of dynamic stiffness of the substrates on neurite outgrowth by using a DNA-crosslinked hydrogel. Tissue Engineering Part A. 16 (6), 1873-1889 (2010).
  11. Jiang, F. X., Yurke, B., Schloss, R. S., Firestein, B. L., Langrana, N. A. The relationship between fibroblast growth and the dynamic stiffnesses of a DNA crosslinked hydrogel. Biomaterials. 31 (6), 1199-1212 (2010).
  12. Kloxin, A. M., Tibbitt, M. W., Anseth, K. S. Synthesis of photodegradable hydrogels as dynamically tunable cell culture platforms. Nat Protoc. 5 (12), 1867-1887 (2010).
  13. Lin, D. C., Yurke, B., Langrana, N. A. Mechanical properties of a reversible, DNA-crosslinked polyacrylamide hydrogel. J Biomech Eng. 126 (1), 104-110 (2004).
  14. Lin, D. C., Yurke, B., Langrana, N. A. Use of rigid spherical inclusions in young’s moduli determination: Application to DNA-crosslinked gels. J Biomech Eng. 127 (4), 571-579 (2005).
  15. Luo, Y., Shoichet, M. S. Light-activated immobilization of biomolecules to agarose hydrogels for controlled cellular response. Biomacromolecules. 5 (6), 2315-2323 (2004).
  16. Marklein, R. A., Burdick, J. A. Spatially controlled hydrogel mechanics to modulate stem cell interactions. Soft Matter. 6 (1), 136-143 (2010).
  17. Pelham Jr, R. J., Wang, Y. Cell locomotion and focal adhesions are regulated by substrate flexibility. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 94 (25), 13661-13665 (1997).
  18. Previtera, M. L., Chippada, U., Schloss, R. S., Yurke, B., Langrana, N. A. Mechanical properties of DNA-crosslinked polyacrylamide hydrogels with increasing crosslinker density. BioResearch Open Access. 1 (5), 256-259 (2012).
  19. Previtera, M. L., Langhammer, C. G., Firestein, B. L. Effects of substrate stiffness and cell density on primary hippocampal cultures. J Biosci Bioeng. 110 (4), 459-470 (2010).
  20. Previtera, M. L., Langhammer, C. G., Langrana, N. A., Firestein, B. L. Regulation of dendrite arborization by substrate stiffness is mediated by glutamate receptors. Ann Biomed Eng. 38 (12), 3733-3743 (2010).
  21. Previtera, M. L., Trout, K. L., Verma, D., Chippada, U., Schloss, R. S., Langrana, N. A. Fibroblast morphology on dynamic softening of hydrogels. Ann Biomed Eng. 40 (5), 1061-1072 (2012).
  22. Saxena, T., Gilbert, J., Stelzner, D., Hasenwinkel, J. Mechanical characterization of the injured spinal cord after lateral spinal hemisection injury in the rat. J Neurotrauma. 29 (9), 1747-1757 (2012).
  23. Sundararaghavan, H. G., Monteiro, G. A., Firestein, B. L., Shreiber, D. I. Neurite growth in 3d collagen gels with gradients of mechanical properties. Biotechnol Bioeng. 102 (2), 632-643 (2009).
  24. Wozniak, M. A., Chen, C. S. Mechanotransduction in development A growing role for contractility. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 10 (1), 34-43 (2009).
  25. Wuerfel, J., et al. Mr-elastography reveals degradation of tissue integrity in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage. 49 (3), 2520-2525 (2012).
  26. Zaari, N., Rajagopalan, P., Kim, S. K., Engler, A. J., Wong, J. Y. Photopolymerization in microfluidic gradient generators Microscale control of substrate compliance to manipulate cell response. Adv Mater. 16 (23-24), 2133-2137 (2004).
Preparation of DNA-crosslinked Polyacrylamide Hydrogels

Play Video

Cite This Article
Previtera, M. L., Langrana, N. A. Preparation of DNA-crosslinked Polyacrylamide Hydrogels. J. Vis. Exp. (90), e51323, doi:10.3791/51323 (2014).

View Video