Surveying Methods for Land and Construction

Surveying is the art and science of mapping the earth's surface. It uses measurements of distance, horizontal and vertical angles, and levels to describe the shape and size of land features.

Surveying is also used to find the level of a land area with reference to a chosen point. It helps map lan...

Consider an area on the Earth's surface with undulations and water bodies. 

Surveying techniques measure the lengths and breadths of an area and identify the ground levels with reference to a datum.

These techniques measure the angles of corners, the ...