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Overview of VSEPR Theory Valence shell electron-pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory) enables us to predict the molecular structure, including approximate …

Effect of Lone Pairs of Electrons on Molecule Geometry It is important to note that electron-pair geometry around a central atom is not the same …

VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries The following procedure uses VSEPR theory to determine the electron pair geometries and the …

Dipole Moment of a Molecule Polar covalent bonds connect two atoms with differing electronegativities, leaving one atom with a partial positive charge …

Overview of Valence Bond Theory Valence bond theory describes a covalent bond as the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals (each containing a single …

The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an …

sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization To describe the five bonding orbitals in a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement, we must use five of the valence shell …

Overview of Molecular Orbital Theory Molecular orbital theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in the same way as the distribution of …

Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams The relative energy levels of atomic and molecular orbitals are typically shown in a molecular orbital diagram. For a …