Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

Oxygen-delivering devices such as nasal cannulas and face masks are used when natural breathing is obstructed.

Nasal cannulas are lightweight tubes with two prongs inserted into the nostrils.

They are typically used for low to medium oxygen levels with a suggested flow rate of 1-6 LPM, providing an oxygen concentration of approximately 24%- 44%, depending on the patient's breathing rate and flow setting.

Their advantages include comfort, ease of use, and allowing patient mobility for eating, drinking, and speaking.

Next, a simple face mask covers the nose and mouth, delivering a high oxygen concentration. Its suggested flow rate is 6-10 LPM, delivering about 35%-60% oxygen.

Lastly, a partial rebreather mask is a face mask with a reservoir bag, allowing the patient to rebreathe about one-third of exhaled air with the oxygen supply. Its flow rate is typically 6-15 LPM, delivering approximately 70%-90% oxygen.

Although partial rebreathing and face masks provide higher oxygen than nasal cannulas, the masks can be uncomfortable and restrict eating, drinking, and communication.