Lower GI Series: Barium Enema

Barium enema, or a lower GI series, is a radiographic examination of the lower gastrointestinal tract, including the colon and rectum. This procedure helps diagnose conditions such as colorectal cancer, polyps, and diverticulosis.

Patient preparation involves adhering to a low-residue diet before the test, consuming a clear liquid diet, taking a laxative the evening before, and NPO for eight hours before the test.

Before beginning, explain the procedure, various positions, and potential discomforts, such as cramping and the urge to defecate during the procedure.

The procedure involves inserting radiopaque barium liquid into the colon using a lubricated rectal tube via the rectum. The barium flow is monitored using fluoroscopy.

Once the barium has coated the colon's inner lining, static X-ray images are captured for a detailed view.

Post-procedure care includes offering cleansing laxatives to help expel residual barium and encouraging increased fluid intake to prevent fecal impaction.

Inform patient to monitor their stool for the contrast medium, which may turn it white for up to 72 hours.