Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

For drug products like tablets and capsules, dissolution and absorption are greatly influenced by the manufacturing methods and inactive components or excipients.

During manufacturing, compression force and granulation methods impact drug dissolution.

Different granulation methods yield tablets of varying dissolution rates.

High compression forces generally increase density but reduce wettability, slowing dissolution. However, at times, such forces may also cause drug particle deformation, increasing the effective surface area and dissolution.

Drug products contain excipients, ensuring their stability, functionality, and optimal bioavailability.

Some commonly used excipients include vehicles, diluents, disintegrants, surfactants, binders, and lubricants.

Water-miscible vehicles rapidly mix with body fluids, allowing rapid drug absorption, while diluents elevate the dissolution rate of hydrophobic drugs.

Disintegrants break the tablet, and surfactants promote wettability, aiding drug dissolution.

Binders hold powder to form granules, while lubricants reduce interparticle friction. Notably, lubricants and binders can slow dissolution.