Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement

Bioavailability can be enhanced by increasing drug solubility through various methods.

Methods like micronization and nanonization reduce solid drug particle size to less than 10 microns and between 200-600 nm, increasing bioavailability.

Surfactants enhance wetting and penetration of dissolution fluid into solid drug particles.

Using salt forms of a drug can also improve its solubility and dissolution.

Altering the drug microenvironment's pH by adding buffers can enhance drug solubility.

Selection of the proper drug form can also affect solubility. For example, anhydrates are typically more soluble than hydrates.

Drug solubility can also be enhanced by the selective adsorption of drugs on insoluble carriers and by dispersions comprising the drug and solid carrier solvent dissolved in a common volatile liquid solvent.

Also, polymers like PEG are used in solid dispersions of poorly water-soluble drugs to increase their bioavailability.