Modeling Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Neuronal Death in Mouse Cerebellar Granule Neurons

Abstract

Source: Laaper, M. et al., Modeling Neuronal Death and Degeneration in Mouse Primary Cerebellar Granule Neurons. J. Vis. Exp. (2017).

This video outlines the generation of a neuronal injury model using reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mouse primary cerebellar granule neurons. It details the process of inducing oxidative stress by adding high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. ROS exposure causes DNA strand breaks and genomic instability. Additionally, the oxidation of cellular proteins impairs their functions, while lipid peroxidation compromises membrane integrity. This cascade leads to cytochrome c release and caspase activation, resulting in neuronal apoptosis.

Protocol

1. Experimental Preparation

NOTE: The following stock solutions can be prepared and maintained until use.

1. Dissection Solution
   1. Dissolve 3.62 g of sodium chloride (NaCl), 0.2 g of potassium chloride (KCl), 0.069 g of sodium phosphate (NaH₂PO₄ ∙ H₂O), and 1.306 g of D-(+)-Glucose in 500 mL of distilled H₂O. Then, add 12.5 mL of HEPES Buffer, 450 µL of Phenol red solution, and 20 mL of Bovine serum albumin (BSA) fraction V to the solution. Adjust to pH 7.4 using 1 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
   2. Sterilize with ....

Results

Figure 1: Removal of mouse brain and dissection of cerebellum. (A) To extract the brain of a 6-7 day old mouse, using a pair of forceps, grasp the head and cut the skin anteriorly along the dotted lines using a pair of microdissection scissors. Be careful to cut only t.......

Materials

List of materials used in this article

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
qPCR lentivitral titration kit	ABM	#LV900
speedy virus purification solution	ABM	#LV999
pCMV-dR8.2	Addgene	#8455
pCMV-VS.VG	Addgene	#8454
Distilled water	Gibco	#15230162
200 mM L-Glutamine	Gibco	#25030081
35 mm Nunc culture dishes	Gibco	#174913
PowerUP SYBR green master mix	life technologies	#A25742
BSA V Solution	Sigma Aldrich	#A-8412
CaCl2 • 2H2O	Sigma Aldrich	#C-7902
Camptothecin	Sigma Aldrich	#C-9911
Chicken Egg White Trypsin Inhibitor	Sigma Aldrich	#10109878001
Cytosine beta-D-Arabino Furanoside	Sigma Aldrich	#C-1768
D-(+)-Glucose	Sigma Aldrich	#G-7528
DNase1	Sigma Aldrich	#11284932001
Eagle-minimal essential medium	Sigma Aldrich	#M-2279
Glycine	Sigma Aldrich	#G-5417
Heat inactivated dialyzed Fetal Bovine Serum	Sigma Aldrich	#F-0392
Hepes Buffer	Sigma Aldrich	#H-0887
Hydrogen peroxide	Sigma Aldrich	#216763
50 mg/mL Gentamycin	Sigma Aldrich	#G-1397
MgSO4	Sigma Aldrich	#M-2643
N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid	Sigma Aldrich	#M-3262
Phenol Red Solution	Sigma Aldrich	#P-0290
Trypsin	Sigma Aldrich	#T-4549
Lipofectamine 3000	Thermo Fisher Scientific	L3000-008
p3000 enhancer reagent	Thermo Fisher Scientific	L3000-008
Opti-MEM I Reduced Serum Medium	Thermo Fisher Scientific	31985070
KCl	VWR	#CABDH9258
NaCl	VWR	#CABDH9286
NaH2PO4H2O	VWR	#CABDH9298
Poly D-lysine	VWR	#89134-858
DMEM	Wisent	#319-005-CL
FBS	Wisent	#080-450