Erratum: Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure

Summary

An erratum was issued for: Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure. The Representative Results section was updated.

Abstract

An erratum was issued for: Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure. The Representative Results section was updated.

Figure 6 in the Representative Results section was updated from:

to:

The fourth paragraph in the Representative Results section was updated from:

With the inevitable development of a necrotic core, a known limitation of 3D liver spheroid cultures, the viability of this HepG2 based model had to be established to demonstrate it was able to sustain long-term (5-10 day) exposure regimes whilst maintaining the proliferative capability required to support the micronucleus assay⁵. Indeed, this 3D liver spheroid model has been shown to retain >70% viability over 10 days in culture. Based on this and in conjunction with the sustained liver-like functionality observed over the ≥14 day culture period, this 3D liver spheroid model can thus support long-term, repeated ENM exposure regimes up to 10 days long (i.e., before viability of the spheroids drop below 70%). For reference, it is advised that albumin levels for HepG2 spheroids seeded at 4000 cells/spheroid should be ≥0.06 mg/mL whilst urea production should be ≥0.4 ng/µL before conducting an in vitro toxicological assessment with this model.

to:

With the inevitable development of a necrotic core, a known limitation of 3D liver spheroid cultures, the viability of this HepG2 based model had to be established to demonstrate it was able to sustain long-term (5-10 day) exposure regimes whilst maintaining the proliferative capability required to support the micronucleus assay⁵. Indeed, this 3D liver spheroid model has been shown to retain >70% viability over 10 days in culture. Based on this and in conjunction with the sustained liver-like functionality observed over the ≥14 day culture period, this 3D liver spheroid model can thus support long-term, repeated ENM exposure regimes up to 10 days long (i.e., before viability of the spheroids drop below 70%). For reference, it is advised that albumin levels for HepG2 spheroids seeded at 4000 cells/spheroid should be ≥50.0 ng/μL whilst urea production should be ≥0.25 ng/µL before conducting an in vitro toxicological assessment with this model.

Protocol

An erratum was issued for: Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure. The Representative Results section was updated.

Figure 6 in the Representative Results section was updated from:

to:

The fourth paragraph in the Representative Results section was updated from:

With the inevitable development of a necrotic core, a known limitation of 3D liver spheroid cultures, the viability of this HepG2 based model had to be established to demonstrate it was able to sustain long-term (5-10 day) exposure regimes whilst maintaining the proliferative capability required to support the micronucleus assay⁵. Indeed, this 3D liver spheroid model has been shown to retain >70% viability over 10 days in culture. Based on this and in conjunction with the sustained liver-like functionality observed over the ≥14 day culture period, this 3D liver spheroid model can thus support long-term, repeated ENM exposure regimes up to 10 days long (i.e., before viability of the spheroids drop below 70%). For reference, it is advised that albumin levels for HepG2 spheroids seeded at 4000 cells/spheroid should be ≥0.06 mg/mL whilst urea production should be ≥0.4 ng/µL before conducting an in vitro toxicological assessment with this model.

to:

With the inevitable development of a necrotic core, a known limitation of 3D liver spheroid cultures, the viability of this HepG2 based model had to be established to demonstrate it was able to sustain long-term (5-10 day) exposure regimes whilst maintaining the proliferative capability required to support the micronucleus assay⁵. Indeed, this 3D liver spheroid model has been shown to retain >70% viability over 10 days in culture. Based on this and in conjunction with the sustained liver-like functionality observed over the ≥14 day culture period, this 3D liver spheroid model can thus support long-term, repeated ENM exposure regimes up to 10 days long (i.e., before viability of the spheroids drop below 70%). For reference, it is advised that albumin levels for HepG2 spheroids seeded at 4000 cells/spheroid should be ≥50.0 ng/μL whilst urea production should be ≥0.25 ng/µL before conducting an in vitro toxicological assessment with this model.