With technological advances, a broad range of multimodal devices and sophisticated image acquisition techniques have become available to clinicians and researchers. As growing amount of data are acquired, a plethora of new methods for the image analysis and their fusion are being developed with the premise that additional modalities incorporate complimentary information that will yield accurate and definitive cancer detection at the early stages, help predict its aggressiveness and invasiveness, and enable effective image-guided treatment strategies. Consequently, in recent years multimodal imaging has become an important part of fundamental, translational, and clinical cancer research. In the clinical setting, multimodal approach to image-guided detection and therapy facilitates diagnosis, characterization, and delineation of cancers, as it benefits from examining multiple attributes of tissues and cells simultaneously and on different scales. In the laboratory setting, it contributes significantly to improving our understanding of tumor microenvironment, its development, and metastatic progression.
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