Gene Chips
Gene Chips - Related Videos
12:24
DNA-affinity-purified Chip (DAP-chip) Method to Determine Gene Targets for Bacterial Two component Regulatory Systems
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Cited by 10 •
2014
This video article describes an in vitro microarray based method to determine the gene targets and binding sites for two component system response regulators.
11:19
Genome-wide Analysis using ChIP to Identify Isoform-specific Gene Targets
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Cited by 13 •
2010
Here we are presenting a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) procedure for genome-wide location analysis of protein isoforms that differ in a histone-binding domain. We are applying it to ChIP-Seq analysis to identify the targets of the KDM5A/JARID1A/RBP2 histone demethylase.
13:20
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to Assay Dynamic Histone Modification in Activated Gene Expression in Human Cells
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Cited by 11 •
2010
This protocol describes how chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is used to study the dynamic alterations to the chromatin template that regulate transcription induced by a signal transduction pathway.
13:47
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) using Drosophila tissue
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Cited by 10 •
2012
Recently high-throughput sequencing technology has greatly increased sensitivity of Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiment and prompted its application using purified cells or dissected tissue. Here we delineate a method to use ChIP technique with Drosophila tissue, which can address the endogenous chromatin state in a well-characterized biological system.
01:35
Organ-on-Chip Models
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2026
Introduction to Organ-on-Chip Models Organ-on-chip models are advanced microphysiological systems that recreate key structural and functional features of human organs in a controlled laboratory setting. These devices integrate living human cells within microfluidic channels, allowing researchers to simulate tissue–tissue interfaces, fluid flow, and mechanical forces that are essential for normal organ function. Unlike traditional cell cultures, which often lack these dynamic physiological cues,...
FAQs
The key molecular event is base-pair hybridization: labeled nucleic acids in a sample bind to immobilized probes with complementary genetic sequences. Probe placement creates a known coordinate for each target, while the label makes bound material detectable as a signal. The resulting pattern can indicate which sequences are represented in the sample or associated with gene activity.
Interpretation depends on the type of sequences represented by the probes and the biological samples being compared. Measurements of gene activity focus on differences in signals associated with expressed sequences, whereas variation studies examine whether particular genetic sequences are present or differ between samples. This distinction allows one platform concept to address different biological questions.
Gene chips provide parallel measurements across many selected sequences, making them useful for broad comparisons of known targets. Sequencing methods may offer greater resolution for some applications, according to the overview. The choice therefore depends on whether the study prioritizes large-scale analysis of established sequences or more detailed examination of genetic information.
A basic workflow starts with a nucleic acid sample, applies a label that enables detection, and exposes the sample to an array containing immobilized probes. Complementary sequences hybridize during the assay, producing signals at probe locations. Researchers then interpret the signal pattern to determine sequence presence, assess gene activity, or compare samples representing different biological conditions.
They are useful when researchers need parallel molecular measurements across conditions such as different cell states, developmental stages, diseases, environmental exposures, or treatments. Comparing the resulting profiles can reveal sequences or activity patterns associated with each state. These differences may help identify biomarkers and provide clues about coordinated gene networks underlying biological responses.
In biology, gene chip studies can examine how gene activity changes during development, how disease alters molecular profiles, or how cells respond to environmental conditions and treatments. Because many targets can be assessed together, the approach supports genome-wide investigations of cell function. Researchers can use the resulting comparisons to explore relationships among genes and identify candidate biomarkers.