1 2 Dimethylcyclohexane
1 2 Dimethylcyclohexane - Related Videos
02:27
Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN2
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2023
Nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkyl halides can proceed via an SN1 or an SN2 mechanism. While in SN2 reactions, the nucleophile attacks the substrate simultaneously as the leaving group departs, in SN1 reactions, the substrate first dissociates to give the carbocation intermediate. Various factors such as the structure of the substrate, the strength of the nucleophile, and the nature of the solvent promote one mechanism over the other. With increased substitution on the alkyl halide,...
11:31
Metabolic Labeling of Leucine Rich Repeat Kinases 1 and 2 with Radioactive Phosphate
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Cited by 5 •
2013
Leucine rich repeat kinases 1 and 2 (LRRK1 and LRRK2) are multidomain proteins which encode both GTPase and kinase domains and which are phosphorylated in cells. Here, we present a protocol to label LRRK1 and LRRK2 in cells with 32P orthophosphate, thereby providing a means to measure their overall cellular phophorylation levels.
01:26
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview
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2023
Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion. The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by water loss...
01:37
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism
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2025
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines. Figure 1. The mechanism of the diazotization reaction of primary amines. As illustrated in Figure 1, in the...
08:06
Assessment of the Metabolic Effects of Isocaloric 2:1 Intermittent Fasting in Mice
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Cited by 9 •
2019
The current article describes a detailed protocol for isocaloric 2:1 intermittent fasting to protect and treat against obesity and impaired glucose metabolism in wild-type and ob/ob mice.
FAQs
A chair flip changes each methyl group from axial to equatorial or from equatorial to axial, but it does not reverse the groups’ relative orientation on the ring. Therefore, a cis relationship remains cis, and a trans relationship remains trans. This distinction separates conformational changes, which are reversible shape changes, from stereochemical changes in relative configuration.
The trans isomer can place both methyl groups in equatorial positions simultaneously. That arrangement is more stable because it reduces the steric interactions associated with axial placement, where substituents project into more crowded regions of the chair. Comparing these alternatives shows how substituent position within a conformation influences the relative stability of cyclohexane stereoisomers.
For the cis isomer, every chair form contains one axial methyl group and one equatorial methyl group. A ring flip exchanges those positions, but does not create a chair with both methyl groups equatorial. In contrast, the trans isomer has access to a diequatorial chair, giving the two stereoisomers different conformational stability patterns.
First, identify whether the adjacent methyl groups have a cis or trans relationship. Next, represent the cyclohexane ring in a chair form and assign the methyl groups to axial or equatorial positions while preserving that relationship. Then consider the flipped chair and compare the resulting arrangements. This procedure connects molecular drawings with relative conformational stability.
Ring-flip analysis shows that one stereoisomer can access conformations with different arrangements of axial and equatorial methyl groups, while retaining the same relative stereochemistry. It therefore provides a practical way to examine three-dimensional structure rather than relying only on a flat ring drawing. The comparison also identifies which conformer better limits steric crowding.
This compound links several central ideas in organic chemistry: adjacent substituent relationships, cis-trans stereochemistry, cyclohexane chair conformations, ring flipping, steric interactions, and conformer stability. Because the cis and trans forms display different axial-equatorial patterns, the molecule provides a focused example for learning how molecular geometry affects the relative stability of stereoisomers.